Immunoassay of Insulin Using a Two-Antibody System.

Morgan, Carl R.; Lazarow, Arnold

doi:10.3181/00379727-110-27411

Cited by 532 publications

(318 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…Arterialised plasma glucose was measured at the bedside using a glucose oxidase technique (Yellow Springs glucose analyzer; Yellow Springs Instruments, Yellow Springs, Ohio, USA). Plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline were measured by HPLC with electrochemical detection [26], glucagon [27], cortisol [28], growth hormone [29] and insulin [30] by a radioimmunoassay. Inter-and intra-assay variations were less than 10% for all assays.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of modafinil on counter-regulatory and cognitive responses to hypoglycaemia

et al. 2004

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Aims/hypothesis. Our hypothesis is that reducing release of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) with modafinil will enhance symptomatic and hormonal responses to hypoglycaemia. Methods. Nine healthy men received, in random order, two 100-mg doses of modafinil or placebo, followed by an insulin clamp in which plasma glucose was either reduced stepwise to 2.4 mmol/l or was sustained at euglycaemia (four studies). Catecholamines, symptom scores and cognitive function were measured. Results. Modafinil had no effect on the measured parameters during euglycaemia. During hypoglycaemia, autonomic symptom scores were significantly higher with modafinil (increase at lowest plasma glucose concentration 271.3±118.9 vs 211.2±80.4/40 min, p=0.019), and the heart rate response was increased (12,928±184 vs 6773±148 bpm/140 min, p=0.016). Deterioration in performance of two cognitive tasks was reduced: Stroop colour-word test (613±204 vs 2375±161/65 min, p=0.009) and accuracy of a simple reaction task (11.3±1.8 vs 9.4±3.7, p=0.039). Conclusions/interpretation. We conclude that modafinil improves adrenergic sensitivity and some aspects of cognitive function at hypoglycaemia, possibly by reducing neuronal central GABA concentrations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of modafinil on counter-regulatory and cognitive responses to hypoglycaemia

et al. 2004

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“…I.) : method of MOgGAN and LAZAI~OW [12] ; total ketones bodies: estimation both in urine (after a 1 : 10 dilution) and in plasma according to a modification [8] of MICHAr~S' method [11], the results being expressed as equivalents of acetone. …”

Section: Diabetologia Chemical Determinations Total Blood Glucosementioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the concentrations of glucose, free fatty acids, insulin and ketone bodies in the blood during sodium \-hydroxybutyrate infusions in man

Balasse¹,

Ooms²

1968

Diabetologia

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Summary. Sodium fl-hydroxybutyrate was infused for 1.5 h in 8 normal subjects, at a constant rate of 5 mmoles/ kg/h. Equimolar amounts of sodium chloride were infused in 5 control subjects. --The induced hyperketonaemia provoked the following changes in peripheral blood : a fall in glycaemia (15 rag/100 ml) and in plasma NEFA concentration (50%) without concomitant modifications of insulin concentrations. These results indicate that the glucose and NEFA changes observed are not mediated by a pancreatic stimulation. Modifications des concentrations de glucose, d'acides gras libres, d'insuline et de corps cgtoniques darts le sang pendant des perfusions de fi-hydroxybutyrate de sodium chez l'hommeRdsum~. Les auteurs ont @tudi6 chez 8 sujets normaux les effets d'une perfusien de fl-hydroxy-butyrate de sodium (5 m mol/kg/h pendant 1.5 h) sur la concentration sanguine en glucose, en acides gras libres, en corps c6toniques et en insuline dans le sang' veineux pdriph6rique. Cinq sujets tdmoins ont dtg perfusds ~ l'aide de solution (~qui-molaires de NaC1. --L'hypercdtondmie provoque une chute de la glycdmie d'environ 15 rag/100 ml, une chute des NEFA atteignant 50~o, sans modifications concommitantes de l'insulindmie. Ces rdsultats plaident contre Fintervention d'une stimulation pancrgatique darts la chute de la glyc@mie et des NEFA. .~nderungen der Glucose-, 2'~FS-, Insulin-und Ketolc6rper-Konzentrationen unter einer 2Vatrium-fi-hydroxybutyrat-Infusion beim MenschenZusammenfassung. Natrium-fi-hydroxy-butyrat wurde 8 Normalpersonen w~hrend 1.5 Std bei konstanter Geschwindigkeit yon 5 mMol/kg/Std infundiert. 5 Kontrollpersonen erhielten /~quimolekulare Mengen einer KochsalzlSsung. --Die so bewirkte ErhShung der Ketok6rper-Spiegel fiihrte im peripheren Blur zu folgenden Veriinderungen: Absinken des Blutzuckers um 15 mg ~o, Abfall der Plasma-FFS auf die H~lfte ohne gleichzeitige _~nde-rung der Insulinspiegel. Diese Ergebnisse sprechen dafiir, dal3 die Anderung der Glucose-und FFS-Konzentrationen nicht durch eine Stimulierung des l)ankreas ausgelSst wird.

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“…18 Blood glucose was measured using the glucose oxidase method. Calculation of the area under the curve of glucose (AUCg) and insulin (AUCi) were made with the trapezoidal method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early events involved in the development of insulin resistance in Zucker fatty rat

et al. 2002

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AIM: To clarify the mechanism by which insulin resistance develops in obesity, Zucker fatty rats (ZFR) and lean litter mates (ZLR) were temporally subjected to oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) at 6 and 15 weeks of age. METHOD: As candidates for causative factors of insulin resistance, plasma leptin, free fatty acids (FFA) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a levels were evaluated. RESULTS: There was no difference in the body weight between the two groups at 6 weeks of age, but ZFR were significantly heavier than ZLR at 15 weeks of age. At 6 weeks of age, blood glucose levels and area under the curve of glucose (AUCg) during OGTT were not significantly different between the two groups, while plasma insulin levels and area under the curve of insulin (AUCi) in the ZFR group were significantly higher than those in the ZLR group. At 15 weeks of age, the blood glucose levels and AUCg as well as plasma insulin levels and AUCi in the ZFR group during OGTT were significantly higher than those in the ZLR group. The ratio of fasting insulin to glucose in the ZFR group was significantly higher than that in the ZLR group at 6 and 15 weeks of age. Peripheral and portal plasma leptin and FFA levels were significantly higher in ZFR than ZLR both at 6 weeks and 15 weeks of age. Meanwhile, at 6 weeks, plasma TNF-a levels and expression of TNF-a protein in subcutaneous and visceral fat tissues were similar in both groups; however at 15 weeks, these were significantly higher in the ZFR group than the ZLR group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that FFA rather than TNF-a may play an important role in early events involved in the development of insulin resistance and TNF-a accelerates insulin resistance together with FFA in the later stage.

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Immunoassay of Insulin Using a Two-Antibody System.

Cited by 532 publications

References 1 publication

The effect of modafinil on counter-regulatory and cognitive responses to hypoglycaemia

The effect of modafinil on counter-regulatory and cognitive responses to hypoglycaemia

Changes in the concentrations of glucose, free fatty acids, insulin and ketone bodies in the blood during sodium \-hydroxybutyrate infusions in man

Early events involved in the development of insulin resistance in Zucker fatty rat

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