Immuno-localisation of anti-thyroid antibodies in adult human cerebral cortex

Moodley, K; Botha, Julia; Raidoo, Deshandra M.; Naidoo, Strinivasen

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2010.11.027

Cited by 45 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Moreover, monoclonal AbTPO reacted with normal human astrocytes from primary cultures. Moodley et al ( 2011 ) described the presence of antigenic targets for anti-TSH-receptor IgG on human cortical neurons and anti-TG IgG in cerebral vasculature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bipolar disorder and antithyroid antibodies: review and case series

Bocchetta

Traccis

Mosca

et al. 2016

Int J Bipolar Disord

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Mood disorders and circulating thyroid antibodies are very prevalent in the population and their concomitant occurrence may be due to chance. However, thyroid antibodies have been repeatedly hypothesized to play a role in specific forms of mood disorders. Potentially related forms include treatment-refractory cases, severe or atypical depression, and depression at specific phases of a woman’s life (early gestation, postpartum depression, perimenopausal). With regard to bipolar disorder, studies of specific subgroups (rapid cycling, mixed, or depressive bipolar) have reported associations with thyroid antibodies. Offspring of bipolar subjects were found more vulnerable to develop thyroid antibodies independently from the vulnerability to develop psychiatric disorders. A twin study suggested thyroid antibodies among possible endophenotypes for bipolar disorder. Severe encephalopathies have been reported in association with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Cases with pure psychiatric presentation are being reported, the antithyroid antibodies being probably markers of some other autoimmune disorders affecting the brain. Vasculitis resulting in abnormalities in cortical perfusion is one of the possible mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bipolar disorder and antithyroid antibodies: review and case series

Bocchetta

Traccis

Mosca

et al. 2016

Int J Bipolar Disord

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“…Besides TR activation and non-genomic pathways of thyroid hormones, TSH receptors may be involved in the effects on the brain present in GD, as TSH receptors are stimulated by TSH-receptor autoantibody (TRAb). TSH receptors are seen in the hippocampi and in the neocortex,44 and their action is different from that of TRs 45. Moreover, the production of autoantibodies in GD is not limited to those directed against the TSH receptor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural brain changes in hyperthyroid Graves’ disease: protocol for an ongoing longitudinal, case-controlled study in Göteborg, Sweden—the CogThy project

Holmberg¹,

Malmgren

Berglund

et al. 2019

BMJ Open

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IntroductionCognitive impairment and reduced well-being are common manifestations of Graves’ disease (GD). These symptoms are not only prevalent during the active phase of the disease but also often prevail for a long time after hyperthyroidism is considered cured. The pathogenic mechanisms involved in these brain-derived symptoms are currently unknown. The overall aim of the CogThy study is to identify the mechanism behind cognitive impairment to be able to recognise GD patients at risk.Methods and analysisThe study is a longitudinal, single-centre, case-controlled study conducted in Göteborg, Sweden on premenopausal women with newly diagnosed GD. The subjects are examined: at referral, at inclusion and then every 3.25 months until 15 months. Examinations include: laboratory measurements; eye evaluation; neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological testing; structural MRI of the whole brain, orbits and medial temporal lobe structures; functional near-infrared spectroscopy of the cerebral prefrontal cortex and self-assessed quality of life questionnaires. The primary outcome measure is the change in medial temporal lobe structure volume. Secondary outcome measures include neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, hormonal and autoantibody variables. The study opened for inclusion in September 2012 and close for inclusion in October 2019. It will provide novel information on the effect of GD on medial temporal lobe structures and cerebral cortex functionality as well as whether these changes are associated with cognitive and affective impairment, hormonal levels and/or autoantibody levels. It should lead to a broader understanding of the underlying pathogenesis and future treatment perspectives.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been reviewed and approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Göteborg, Sweden. The results will be actively disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, national and international conference presentations and among patient organisations after an appropriate embargo time.Trial registration number44321 at the public project database for research and development in Västra Götaland County, Sweden (https://www.researchweb.org/is/vgr/project/44321).

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“…Third, Blanchin et al found that anti‐TPO antibodies can directly bind to cerebellar astrocytes expressing glial fibrillary acid protein and can independently alter central nervous system function . Lastly, one autopsy study found that thyroid stimulating hormone antibodies (anti‐TSH) can localize to cell bodies and axons of large neurons, and thyroglobulin antibodies can localize to cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of plasma exchange in Hashimoto's encephalopathy: A case report and review of the literature

Cook

Malkin

Karafin

2014

J of Clinical Apheresis

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Hashimoto's Encephalopathy (HE) is a very rare condition characterized by psychosis, seizures, cognitive fluctuations, and myoclonus. In a few published cases, plasma exchange has been used due to the theoretical removal of antithyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO), one of the postulated causes of the condition. We report a case of HE treated by plasma exchange where no clinical or neurophysiologic improvement was observed despite documented reduction of the anti-TPO antibody to levels below the limits of laboratory detection. We discuss these findings in the context of the known literature for this disease process.

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Immuno-localisation of anti-thyroid antibodies in adult human cerebral cortex

Cited by 45 publications

References 33 publications

Bipolar disorder and antithyroid antibodies: review and case series

Bipolar disorder and antithyroid antibodies: review and case series

Structural brain changes in hyperthyroid Graves’ disease: protocol for an ongoing longitudinal, case-controlled study in Göteborg, Sweden—the CogThy project

The use of plasma exchange in Hashimoto's encephalopathy: A case report and review of the literature

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