Immunizations, immunology, and autism

Chez, Michael G.; Chin, Kristi; Hung, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.spen.2004.07.005

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…All these conditions do interplay and exacerbate one another’s ill functioning and many of these conditions may be negatively affected by further immune stimulation such as vaccination. Chez et al reviewed immunization in this population and also discusses the history of autoimmunity as another possible predisposing factor for autism 38 . Therefore, we should be sensitive to parental concerns and individual factors such as regressive form of autism and family history of autoimmunity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cochlear Implantation in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Eshraghi

Nazarian

Telischi

et al. 2015

Otology &Amp; Neurotology

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Objective To assess the outcome of cochlear implantation in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Study Design Retrospective case review and survey Setting Tertiary referral center Patients Children who meet criteria for cochlear implantation and diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder Main Outcome Measures Receptive and expressive language scores and parental survey data. Results 15 patients with history of ASD and cochlear implantation were analyzed and compared to 15 patients who received cochlear implant and have no other disability. Post-operatively, more than 67% of children with ASD significantly improved their speech perception skills and 60% significantly improved their speech expression skills while all patients in the control group showed significant improvement in both aspects. The top three reported improvements after cochlear implantation were name recognition, response to verbal requests, and enjoyment of music. Of all behavioral aspects, the use of eye contact was the least improved. Survey results in regards to improvements in patient interaction were more subtle when compared to those related to sound and speech perception. The most improved aspects in the ASD patients’ lives after cochlear implantation appeared to be attending to other people’s requests and conforming to family routines. Of note, awareness of the child’s environment is the most highly ranked improvement attributed to the cochlear implant. Conclusions Cochlear implants are effective and beneficial for hearing impaired members of the ASD population even though development of language may lag behind that of implanted children with no additional disabilities. Significant speech perception and overall behavior improvement are noted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cochlear Implantation in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Eshraghi

Nazarian

Telischi

et al. 2015

Otology &Amp; Neurotology

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“…Contrary to those who argue that TCVare a major cause of ASD, numerous individual studies and critical reviews in Europe and the United States, by using various methods and samples (e.g., [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]), consistently find no relationship between vaccines using mercury-based preservatives including thimerosal and ASD. Furthermore, temporal relationships generally indicate that increased ASD preceded, rather than followed, increased use of TCV.…”

Section: Mercury Poisoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology of Developmental Disorders: Good Science, Bad Science, and Pseudoscience

Brown

Gideons

2006

Intl Jnl Anthropology

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Developmental disorders originate in infancy or early childhood, are associated with presumed or observed organic abnormalities, and have serious long-term physical and/ or psychological sequelae. Of particular interest here are two such disorders, mental retardation and autism. Purported causes range from genetics, early prenatal and/or postnatal exposure to toxins (including heavy metals), and recently, vaccinations. Single factors have often been claimed to be the cause of a developmental disorder, without regard to possible exacerbating or alleviating roles of other factors, including socioeconomic status. Unfortunately, professional and popular literature on both claimed causes and effective treatments has often been characterized by research and theorizing that is seriously flawed (bad science) or actively misrepresented (pseudoscience). The present paper critically reviews selected research on a few controversial issues concerning developmental disorders, particular mental retardation and autism, and emphasizes the role of low socioeconomic status.We must remember that children grow up only once [49].Otto Eiben devoted much of his career to studying the impact of economic conditions and change on children_s physical development. Pre-and early postnatal exposure to neurotoxins, such as infections, heavy metals, alcohol, and antiseizure drugs, may cause permanent central nervous system (CNS) damage (e.g., [1]), particularly among those living in impoverished areas or developing countries. In this paper, we summarize evidence about the effects of three environmental agents, emphasizing both controversies and socioeconomic issues. Owing to limitations of space, only a few sources can be cited.

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“…Pathological abnormalities in autistic subjects in the form of loss and atrophy of Purkinje cells in the cerebellar and brainstem were also reported [9]. Moreover, chez, et al [10] reported increased incidence of autoimmune disorders, increased auto-antibodies to brain antigens, immunoglobulin deficiencies, as well as non-specific IgG antibodies against brain tissues. They added that autistic patients showed T-cell dysfunction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Serum of Mothers Having Autistic Children Induces Cerebellar Purkinje cell Alterations in Experimental Model: A Possible Cause of Autism

Kourtian¹

2015

Autism Open Access

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Autism is a brain developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction. Our aim is to assess the morphology of plasma cells of mothers having autistic children and to evaluate the effect of administration of serum obtained from mothers having autistic children on the cerebellar Purkinje neurons. Two groups were used: control group, where pregnant rats remained intact while others were injected intraperitoneally with serum of mothers with no history of autism. In the experimental group pregnant rats were intraperitoneally injected serum of autistic children's mothers. The Transmission Electron Microscope showed altered plasma cells of autistic children's mothers, where the heterochromatin material had inversed distribution in all nuclei examined in addition to other alterations. Also, modified Purkinje neurons were obtained in neonates of experimental group showing degeneration and atrophied dendrites. Recommended examination of peripheral blood is essential for early intervention.

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Immunizations, immunology, and autism

Cited by 10 publications

References 46 publications

Cochlear Implantation in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Cochlear Implantation in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Etiology of Developmental Disorders: Good Science, Bad Science, and Pseudoscience

Serum of Mothers Having Autistic Children Induces Cerebellar Purkinje cell Alterations in Experimental Model: A Possible Cause of Autism

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