Immunization with viruslike particles induces long-term protection of rabbits against challenge with cottontail rabbit papillomavirus

Christensen, Neil D.; Reed, Cynthia A.; Cladel, Nancy M.; Han, Ruiqin; Kreider, John W.

doi:10.1128/jvi.70.2.960-965.1996

Cited by 210 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Indeed, papillomavirus-and rotavirus-like particles are potent in generating neutralizing antibodies in vivo. [32][33][34] The function of these anti-E1/E2 antibodies induced by HCV-LP in viral neutralization cannot be tested easily due to the lack of a suitable tissue culture system and a small animal model. Further studies would have to be conducted in a chimpanzee model to test the protective efficacy of HCV-LP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus–like particles combined with novel adjuvant systems enhance virus-specific immune responses

et al. 2003

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H epatitis C virus (HCV) is a major causative agent of acute and chronic hepatitis, with 170 million persons infected worldwide. 1 Prospective studies have shown that 75% of cases of acute HCV can progress to chronic infection, of which 10% to 20% will develop complications of chronic liver disease such as liver cirrhosis and 1% to 5% will develop hepatocellular carcinoma. 2 However, therapy for chronically infected patients has been mostly dependent on interferon (IFN)-based regimens which, despite the improvement in treatment response with combination therapy, are at best effective in approximately 50% of infected persons. 3,4 To date, there is no effective vaccine against HCV infection. Efforts to develop an HCV vaccine are complicated by the extensive genetic and possible antigenic diversity among HCV strains, the absence of a robust immunity after natural infection, 5 and the lack of tissue culture systems and small animal models. Accumulating evidence obtained from human and chimpanzee studies 6-9 suggests that strong HCV-specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) responses against structural and nonstructural proteins are likely to be important in viral clearance and possible protection. Thus, an ideal HCV vaccine may need to induce strong humoral responses against the envelope proteins and to prime broad, HCV-specific Thelper and CTL responses. 5 Of the cellular immune responses, the induction of T-helper type 1 (Th1) response, which has been linked to viral clearance in HCV [10][11][12] and other viral infections, 13 is probably important for an effective HCV vaccine.Virus-like particles are attractive as a recombinant protein vaccine, because they mimic closely the properties of

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus–like particles combined with novel adjuvant systems enhance virus-specific immune responses

et al. 2003

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“…Indeed many studies have shown that papillomavirus-and rotavirus-like particles are potent in generating neutralizing antibodies in vivo. [10][11][12] Our earlier study has shown that the induced anti-envelope antibodies recognize E2 proteins from different genotypes and were broadly directed against various regions of the E2 protein. 17 However, whether HCV-like particles induce neutralizing antibodies against HCV virions from different genotypes cannot be tested in vitro because there is no reliable tissue culture system available for measuring neutralizing antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Papillomavirus-and rotavirus-like particles synthesized in insect cells have been shown to generate protective immunity. [10][11][12] These studies showed that virus-like particles can induce not only high-titer neutralizing antibodies but also strong cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in immunized animals. [13][14][15] Our laboratory has recently reported the synthesis of hepatitis C virus-like particles in insect cells using a recombinant baculovirus that contains the complementary DNA of the HCV structural proteins (core, E1 an E2).…”

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confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus–like particles induce virus-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in mice

et al. 2001

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We have recently described the production of hepatitis C virus-like particles (HCV-LPs) in insect cells that resemble the putative virions. Here we evaluate the humoral and cellular immunogenicity of the virus-like particles with or without viral p7 protein, a small viral polypeptide that resides between the structural and nonstructural regions of the HCV polyprotein and whose function has not been defined. Immunized BALB/c mice developed high titers of anti-E2 antibodies and virus-specific cellular immune responses including cytotoxic T lymphocytes and T helper responses with gamma interferon production. The virus-like particles without p7 generated a higher cellular immune response with a more T H 1 profile than the particles with p7. Immunization of heat-denatured particles resulted in substantially lower humoral and cellular responses, suggesting that the immunogenicity is strongly dependent on particle Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a positive-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the Flaviviridae family. The HCV genome contains a single open reading frame coding for a polyprotein that is cleaved into structural and nonstructural proteins by hostand virus-specific proteases. The structural proteins consist of core and 2 envelope glycoproteins E1 and E2. Given the global health burden of HCV infection, there is a paramount need to develop a vaccine against HCV. 1 However, a robust infectious tissue culture system for passaging and expanding the virus and for testing neutralizing antibodies is still lacking. Therefore, newer approaches have to be adopted for HCV vaccine development.Because HCV is an enveloped virus, neutralizing determinants likely reside on the surface of the envelope. The envelope protein E2 of HCV contains highly variable sequences within the N-terminal region (HVR1), which are thought to contain neutralizing B-cell epitopes. 2 Immunization of chimpanzees with recombinant E1/E2 proteins can induce hightiter anti-envelope antibodies but only protects animals from a low-dose viral challenge with the homologous strain. 3 Studies in humans and chimpanzees have indicated that failure to generate multispecific cellular immune responses against HCV in the acute phase of infection is associated with chronicity. 4-7 Therefore, an ideal HCV vaccine should be able to induce strong humoral immune responses against the envelope proteins and to prime broad, HCV-specific T-helper and cytotoxic T-cell responses (for review, see Houghton 8 and Lechmann and Liang 9 ).Virus-like particles are attractive as a recombinant protein vaccine, because they mimic closely the properties of native virions. Papillomavirus-and rotavirus-like particles synthesized in insect cells have been shown to generate protective immunity. [10][11][12] These studies showed that virus-like particles can induce not only high-titer neutralizing antibodies but also strong cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in immunized animals. [13][14][15] Our laboratory has recently reported the synthesis of hepatitis C virus-like particles in insect cel...

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“…76 They are noninfectious and considered as safe (noninfectious) tools for several purposes such as diagnostic assays, cell interaction studies, and vaccines. [77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84] VLPs are generally more immunogenic than subunit or recombinant immunogens based on single, monomeric proteins. 85 Because of their ordered and highly repetitive structure, they are able to stimulate both the humoral and cellular pathways of the immune system.…”

Section: Virus-like Particle (Vlp) -The Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus virus‐like particles (RV‐VLPs) vaccines: An update

Changotra

Vij

2017

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Rotaviruses (RVs) cause over 0.2 million deaths annually and are reported to be the foremost cause of gastroenteritis in infants and children worldwide. Vaccination against RVs is the most successful and unsurpassed strategy to combat infection to date. Although the 2 current vaccines, Rotarix and RotaTeq, have dramatically reduced the disease burden, still there is a need for new vaccines. In this context, RV virus-like particles (RV-VLPs) represent potential vaccine candidates as they are noninfectious and effective nonreplicating immunogens that may reduce the risk of side effects related to the conventional vaccines. VLPs being conformationally similar to the parent virus are highly immunogenic and hence provide enhanced protection and better serotype coverage. In this review, we have highlighted the various advantages and the implications of RV-VLPs, discussed the general strategies employed for their production, and talked about the recent developments made in this regard. Overall, the review emphasizes the probable utility of RV-VLPs in eradicating the highly widespread RVs.

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Immunization with viruslike particles induces long-term protection of rabbits against challenge with cottontail rabbit papillomavirus

Cited by 210 publications

References 29 publications

Hepatitis C virus–like particles combined with novel adjuvant systems enhance virus-specific immune responses

Hepatitis C virus–like particles combined with novel adjuvant systems enhance virus-specific immune responses

Hepatitis C virus–like particles induce virus-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in mice

Rotavirus virus‐like particles (RV‐VLPs) vaccines: An update

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