Immunization with Neural-Derived Peptides in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Narrative Review

Monroy, Germán Rivera; Pérez, Renata Murguiondo; Zión, Efraín Weintraub Ben; Alcántar-Garibay, Oscar Vidal; Loza-López, Ericka Cristina; Marion, Emilio Tejerina; Hernández, Enrique Blancarte; Navarro-Torres, Lisset; Ibarra, Antonio

doi:10.3390/biomedicines11030919

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 91 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…That is why several therapeutic strategies were directed to inhibit these autoreactive and inflammatory responses. Nevertheless, as immune cells are necessary for protecting and remodeling tissues, the elimination of the immune function at the site of injury was not the best strategy [ 106 ]. It was more realistic to look for the modulation instead of the elimination of the immune function.…”

Section: Immunomodulatory Peptides After Spinal Cord Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Cells, Supplements, and Peptides as Therapeutic Strategies for Modulating Inflammation after Spinal Cord Injury: An Update

Garcia,

Buzoianu-Anguiano,

Silva-Garcia

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Spinal cord injury is a traumatic lesion that causes a catastrophic condition in patients, resulting in neuronal deficit and loss of motor and sensory function. That loss is caused by secondary injury events following mechanical damage, which results in cell death. One of the most important events is inflammation, which activates molecules like proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) that provoke a toxic environment, inhibiting axonal growth and exacerbating CNS damage. As there is no effective treatment, one of the developed therapies is neuroprotection of the tissue to preserve healthy tissue. Among the strategies that have been developed are the use of cell therapy, the use of peptides, and molecules or supplements that have been shown to favor an anti-inflammatory environment that helps to preserve tissue and cells at the site of injury, thus favoring axonal growth and improved locomotor function. In this review, we will explain some of these strategies used in different animal models of spinal cord injury, their activity as modulators of the immune system, and the benefits they have shown.

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Section: Immunomodulatory Peptides After Spinal Cord Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Cells, Supplements, and Peptides as Therapeutic Strategies for Modulating Inflammation after Spinal Cord Injury: An Update

Garcia,

Buzoianu-Anguiano,

Silva-Garcia

et al. 2023

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Use of Cells, Supplements and Peptides as Therapeutic Strategies for Modulating Inflammation after Spinal Cord Injury: An Update

García,

Buzoianu-Anguiano,

Silva Garcia

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Spinal cord injury is a traumatic injury that causes a catastrophic state in patients due to neuronal deficits, loss of motor and sensory function, and this is due to secondary deleterious events subsequent to mechanical damage that expands the death of neural cells beyond the initial trauma. One of the most important events is inflammation, which activates molecules like pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha) that provoke a toxic environment, inhibiting axonal growth and exacerbating CNS damage. As there is no effective treatment, one of the strategies developed is neuroprotection to preserve healthy neural tissue and reduce neuroinflammation. Some of the neuroprotective treatments that have been practiced are the use of cell therapy, the administration of peptides and molecules or supplements that have been shown to favor an anti-inflammatory environment, and help to preserve the cells and tissues surrounding the injured area, favoring axonal growth and improving locomotor function. In this review we will explain some of these strategies used in different animal models of spinal cord injury, their activity as modulators of the immune system and the benefits they have shown.

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Blood–Brain Barrier Breakdown in Neuroinflammation: Current In Vitro Models

Brandl,

Reindl

2023

IJMS

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The blood–brain barrier, which is formed by tightly interconnected microvascular endothelial cells, separates the brain from the peripheral circulation. Together with other central nervous system-resident cell types, including pericytes and astrocytes, the blood–brain barrier forms the neurovascular unit. Upon neuroinflammation, this barrier becomes leaky, allowing molecules and cells to enter the brain and to potentially harm the tissue of the central nervous system. Despite the significance of animal models in research, they may not always adequately reflect human pathophysiology. Therefore, human models are needed. This review will provide an overview of the blood–brain barrier in terms of both health and disease. It will describe all key elements of the in vitro models and will explore how different compositions can be utilized to effectively model a variety of neuroinflammatory conditions. Furthermore, it will explore the existing types of models that are used in basic research to study the respective pathologies thus far.

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Immunization with Neural-Derived Peptides in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Narrative Review

Cited by 3 publications

References 91 publications

Use of Cells, Supplements, and Peptides as Therapeutic Strategies for Modulating Inflammation after Spinal Cord Injury: An Update

Use of Cells, Supplements, and Peptides as Therapeutic Strategies for Modulating Inflammation after Spinal Cord Injury: An Update

Use of Cells, Supplements and Peptides as Therapeutic Strategies for Modulating Inflammation after Spinal Cord Injury: An Update

Blood–Brain Barrier Breakdown in Neuroinflammation: Current In Vitro Models

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