Immunization Status and Challenges During COVID-19 and Associated Factors Among Children Aged 10–23 Months in South Region, Ethiopia 2020

Wale, Alemnew; Kassie, Aychew; Mamo, Desalegn Girma; Wassie, Semahegn Tilahun; Mengie, Zinie Abita

doi:10.2147/phmt.s294739

Cited by 12 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The pandemic is likely to have added to this number among children of mothers with low levels of education and in low-income households. Similar reductions in Ethiopia, reported in the two studies [25,26] included in the review, are likely to affect countrywide vaccination coverage and GAVP targets. Nonetheless, it is difficult to gauge the probable extent of the reduction as the numbers in the lowest education group (cannot read or write) in both studies are very low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…The included studies used several approaches to study inequities in childhood vaccination inequities. Country-level income categories as defined by the World Bank ( accessed on 3 May 2022) to study variations in routine vaccination rates were reported for child populations in two studies for low-income countries (studies from Ethiopia [ 25 , 26 ]), three for lower-middle-income countries (studies from India [ 20 ] and Pakistan [ 14 , 16 ]), three for upper-middle-income countries (studies from Brazil [ 27 ], China [ 28 ] and Colombia [ 21 ]), four for high-income countries (three US studies [ 22 , 23 , 24 ] and UK [ 15 ]) and in a study comparing nine middle-income countries with 16 high-income countries [ 29 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approaches for data collection varied across the studies. In four of them, the data collection was performed using a structured interview plus vaccination card records [ 16 , 20 , 25 , 27 ], four studies used a structured interview/survey only [ 15 , 26 , 28 , 29 ] and five studies used administrative records [ 14 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reported age groups differed in the selected studies. Children under two years of age were studied in eight studies [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 20 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], children and adolescents aged 0–18 years were reviewed in two studies [ 22 , 29 ] and children aged 3–17 years were included in the remaining study [ 28 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the risk of bias assessments (see above and Table 3), the strongest evidence of inequity among the included studies comes from Chandir et al's low-risk-of-bias study [14]. Although the remaining five studies [15,16,[25][26][27] reported inequity to be consistent with Chandir et al's [14] findings, the strength of the evidence is limited by the higher risk of bias, from moderate [15,25,26] to high [16,23].…”

Section: Outcome 1: Change In Routine Childhood Vaccination Coverage ...mentioning

confidence: 97%

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The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Inequity in Routine Childhood Vaccination Coverage: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Background: Routine childhood vaccination coverage rates fell in many countries during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the impact of inequity on coverage is unknown. Methods: We synthesised evidence on inequities in routine childhood vaccination coverage (PROSPERO, CRD 42021257431). Studies reporting empirical data on routine vaccination coverage in children 0–18 years old during the COVID-19 pandemic by equity stratifiers were systematically reviewed. Nine electronic databases were searched between 1 January 2020 and 18 January 2022. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Tool for Cohort Studies. Overall, 91 of 1453 studies were selected for full paper review, and thirteen met the inclusion criteria. Results: The narrative synthesis found moderate evidence for inequity in reducing the vaccination coverage of children during COVID-19 lockdowns and moderately strong evidence for an increase in inequity compared with pre-pandemic months (before March 2020). Two studies reported higher rates of inequity among children aged less than one year, and one showed higher inequity rates in middle- compared with high-income countries. Conclusions: Evidence from a limited number of studies shows the effect of the pandemic on vaccine coverage inequity. Research from more countries is required to assess the global effect on inequity in coverage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Outcome 1: Change In Routine Childhood Vaccination Coverage ...mentioning

confidence: 97%

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The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Inequity in Routine Childhood Vaccination Coverage: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Impact of COVID‐19 measures on the health and healthcare of children in East‐Africa: Scoping review

Salih

Njuguna

Widjajanto

et al. 2023

Health Planning & Management

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Background The COVID‐19 pandemic is of grave concern. As scientific data is being collected about the nature of COVID‐19, government leaders and policy makers are challenged. They might feel pressured to take strong measures to stop virus spread. However, decisions could cause more harm than do good. This study maps all existing literature regarding the impact of COVID‐19 containment measures on the health and healthcare of children in East‐Africa. Methods This scoping review follows Population Concept Context guidelines of Arksey and O’Malley and PRISMA 2020 checklist. PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched. All peer‐reviewed literature published in English between January 2020 and October 2022 was considered. Initial screening of titles and abstracts was undertaken independently by two reviewers, with a third available in case of doubt. This was followed by full‐text screening involving two independent reviewers. Results In total, 70 studies were included. Eight containment measures affecting children's health and healthcare were distinguished: lockdowns, school closures, physical distancing, travel restrictions, business closures, stay‐at‐home orders, curfews, quarantine measures with contact tracing. The consensus in the studies is that containment measures could minimise COVID‐19 spread but have adverse indirect effects on children in East‐Africa. Seven indirect effects were distinguished: economic damage, limited education access, food insecurity, child abuse, limited healthcare access, disrupted health‐programs, and mental health challenges. Conclusion Government leaders and policy makers should take adverse indirect effects of COVID‐19 measures into account, particularly in resource‐limited regions such as East‐Africa, apply a holistic approach, and strengthen socioeconomic and health‐systems to protect the most vulnerable.

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Retracted: Impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on routine vaccination coverage of children and adolescents: A systematic review

SeyedAlinaghi

Karimi

Mojdeganlou

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

112

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Background and Aims Scientists and healthcare workers have expressed their concerns on the impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on vaccination coverage in children and adolescents. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the studies addressing this issue worldwide. Methods We conducted a systematic search of relevant studies using the keywords on databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane on May 22, 2021. The identified records were imported into EndNote software and underwent a two‐phase screening process consisting of title/abstract and full‐text screenings against inclusion criteria. The data of the included studies were summarized into a table and the findings were analyzed in a systematic approach. Results From 26 eligible studies, 21 studies demonstrated decreased vaccination rates in the children during the COVID‐19 pandemic, while three studies found increased or no significant changes only in influenza vaccination. The two remaining studies from Brazil and Sweden also showed no significant changes in vaccination rates in the children during the pandemic. Conclusion Most of the reports worldwide reported a decline or delay in vaccination at the time of the COVID‐19 pandemic. A sustained catch‐up program seems to be necessary, especially in low‐income countries, to avoid any vaccine dose missing. Facilitating the vaccination process is recommended, such as decreasing the waiting time for vaccination at the health center, addressing the fear and concerns related to COVID infection for parents, and enhancing vaccine availability, and promoting access in remote areas. Countries should ensure proper vaccination to prevent future pandemics related to vaccine‐preventable diseases.

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Immunization Status and Challenges During COVID-19 and Associated Factors Among Children Aged 10–23 Months in South Region, Ethiopia 2020

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Inequity in Routine Childhood Vaccination Coverage: A Systematic Review

The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Inequity in Routine Childhood Vaccination Coverage: A Systematic Review

Impact of COVID‐19 measures on the health and healthcare of children in East‐Africa: Scoping review

Retracted: Impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on routine vaccination coverage of children and adolescents: A systematic review

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