Immunization of beef heifers against gonadotropin-releasing hormone prevents luteal activity and pregnancy: Effect of conjugation to different proteins and effectiveness of adjuvants1

Vizcarra, J. A.; Karges, Shelia L.; Wettemann, R. P.

doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4554

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…94 DEAE-dextran has been used as an adjuvant for viral vaccines since the early 1970s (e.g. 95 ) and in antifertility vaccines, 96 but its mode of action is unknown. Apart from their capacity to steer the cellular component of the immune response to either Th1 or Th2, saponin-based and aluminium adjuvants differ in the magnitude of the humoral response induced, with a stronger response observed with the saponins.…”

Section: Adjuvants and Antigen Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the development of subunit vaccines for gastrointestinal nematodes of ruminants

Matthews

Geldhof

Tzelos

et al. 2016

Parasite Immunology

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SummaryThe global increase in anthelmintic resistant nematodes of ruminants, together with consumer concerns about chemicals in food, necessitates the development of alternative methods of control for these pathogens. Subunit recombinant vaccines are ideally placed to fill this gap. Indeed, they are probably the only valid option for the long-term control of ruminant parasitic nematodes given the increasing ubiquity of multidrug resistance in a range of worm species across the world. The development of a subunit multicellular parasite vaccine to the point of practical application would be a groundbreaking step in the control of these important endemic infections of livestock. This review summarizes the current status of subunit vaccine development for a number of important gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle and sheep, with a focus on the limitations and problems encountered thus far, and suggestions as to how these hurdles might be overcome. K E Y W O R D Sgastrointestinal nematodes, ruminants, vaccines

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Section: Adjuvants and Antigen Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the development of subunit vaccines for gastrointestinal nematodes of ruminants

Matthews

Geldhof

Tzelos

et al. 2016

Parasite Immunology

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“…Active immunization against different peptides has been successfully used by us and others in mammalian (Bowen et al, 2006;Vizcarra et al, 2007Vizcarra et al, , 2012 and avian species (Vizcarra et al, 2001;Avital-Cohen et al, 2011). In essence, "self" antigens are presented to the immune system in the form of conjugates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of passive immunization against ghrelin on feed and water intake in turkeys

2012

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Five-week-old turkeys were used to evaluate the effect of passive immunization against ghrelin on feed and water intake and animal behavior. In experiment 1, females were reared using normal feeding and lighting management recommended by the industry. At 5 wk of age (d 0 of experiment 1), birds (n = 40) were individually caged (0.65 × 0.4 × 0.4 m) with free access to feed and water. Feed and water intake were measured 3 times a day (0800, 1200, and 1700 h) by recording the weight of feed or water offered minus any unconsumed feed or water remaining. After 3 d of adaptation to the cages (d 3), birds were stratified by BW and feed consumption and randomly assigned to a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement of treatment. Starting on d 3, turkeys were given intravenous (iv) injections (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0 mL) of pooled undiluted plasma obtained from pigs that were previously actively immunized against ghrelin or iv injections (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0 mL) of pooled undiluted plasma, obtained from nonimmunized pigs (control). In experiment 2, the 2 highest doses (i.e., 4.0 and 8.0 mL; n = 4/treatment) were repeated in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement as described in experiment 1. A laptop computer with a built-in color camera and appropriate software was used to record birds for 9 consecutive hours, starting 4 h before treatments were applied. Video clips were saved and a human observer watched and annotated bird behavior associated with feeding, drinking, and standing. Passively immunized birds increased feed consumption (P = 0.04) compared with control animals. Water intake was not affected by treatments. There was a tendency for immunized birds to increase the number of pecks per hour and the amount of time devoted for feeding. Our data suggest that in turkeys, the effect of immunization against ghrelin on feed intake is the opposite of that observed in mammalian species.

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“…Previous work has suggested that Quil-A (a heterogenous fraction of saponin) induces activation of dendritic cells and leads to strong antibody and T cell responses (Maraskovsky et al, 2009). Though mode of action hasn't been studied in detail, DEAE-Dextran has shown antibody enhancing properties in anti-fertility vaccines (Vizcarra et al, 2012) and appears to stimulate antigen-specific antibodies and eosinophilia when used in helminth vaccines (Piedrafita et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a subcutaneous ear implant to deliver an anaplasmosis vaccine to dairy steers

Curtis

Reif

Martin

et al. 2019

Journal of Animal Science

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Bovine anaplasmosis is the most prevalent tick-transmitted disease of cattle worldwide and a major obstacle to profitable beef production. Use of chlortetracycline-medicated feed to control active anaplasmosis infections during the vector season has raised concerns about the potential emergence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria that may pose a risk to human health. Furthermore, the absence of effectiveness data for a commercially available, conditionally licensed anaplasmosis vaccine is a major impediment to implementing anaplasmosis control programs. The primary objective of this study was to develop a single-dose vaccine delivery platform to produce long-lasting protective immunity against anaplasmosis infections. Twelve Holstein steers, aged 11 to 12 wk, were administered a novel 3-stage, single-dose vaccine against Anaplasma marginale, a major surface protein 1a. The vaccine consisted of a soluble vaccine administered subcutaneously (s.c.) for immune priming, a vaccine depot of a biodegradable polyanhydride rod with intermediate slow release of the vaccine for boosting immune response, and an immune-isolated vaccine platform for extended antigen release (VPEAR implant) deposited s.c. in the ear. Six calves were randomly assigned to 2 vaccine constructs (n = 3) that featured rods and implants containing a combination of 2 different adjuvants, diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-Dextran and Quil-A (Group A). The remaining 6 calves were randomly assigned to 2 vaccine constructs (n = 3) that featured rods and implants containing the same adjuvant (either DEAE-Dextran or Quil A) (Group B). Twenty-one months post-implantation, calves were challenged intravenously with A. marginale stabilate and were monitored weekly for signs of fever, decreased packed cell volume (PCV) and bacteremia. Data were analyzed using a mixed-effects model and chi-squared tests (SAS v9.04.01, SAS Institute, Cary, NC). Calves in Group A had higher PCV than calves in Group B (P = 0.006) at day 35 post-infection. Calves in Group A were less likely to require antibiotic intervention compared with calves in Group B (P = 0.014). Results indicate that calves exhibited diminished clinical signs of anaplasmosis when antigen was delivered with a combination of adjuvants as opposed to a single adjuvant. This demonstrates the feasibility of providing long-lasting protection against clinical bovine anaplasmosis infections using a subcutaneous ear implant vaccine construct.

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Immunization of beef heifers against gonadotropin-releasing hormone prevents luteal activity and pregnancy: Effect of conjugation to different proteins and effectiveness of adjuvants1

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Progress in the development of subunit vaccines for gastrointestinal nematodes of ruminants

Progress in the development of subunit vaccines for gastrointestinal nematodes of ruminants

The effect of passive immunization against ghrelin on feed and water intake in turkeys

Development of a subcutaneous ear implant to deliver an anaplasmosis vaccine to dairy steers

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