Immunization in heifers with dual vaccines containing Tritrichomonas foetus and Campylobacter fetus antigens using systemic and mucosal routes

Cobo, Eduardo R.; Morsella, Claudia; Cano, D.; Cipolla, A. Cirrone; Campero, Carlos Manuel

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2003.12.034

Cited by 33 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Symptoms in female cattle include irregular estrus cycles, infertility through uterine infection, and early embryonic death, while bulls are asymptomatic carriers (6). The symptoms of campylobacteriosis are very similar to those of trichomoniasis (caused by the protozoan Tritrichomonas fetus), and these venereal diseases tend to occur in areas with extensive cattle management and natural breeding, such as western North America, Australia, Africa, and Latin America (11). In Australia, it has been estimated that vibriosis causes significant reproductive wastage in infected beef and dairy herds and represents a large economic loss for producers, particularly in the first year of infection, where gross margins can be reduced by as much as 66% (19).…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of Culture and a Novel 5′ Taq Nuclease Assay for Direct Detection of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis in Clinical Specimens from Cattle

McMillen¹,

Fordyce²,

Doogan³

et al. 2006

J Clin Microbiol

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A Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis-specific 5 Taq nuclease PCR assay using a 3 minor groove binder-DNA probe (TaqMan MGB) was developed based on a subspecies-specific fragment of unknown identity (S. Hum, K. Quinn, J. Brunner, and S. L. On, Aust. Vet. J. 75:827-831, 1997). The assay specifically detected four C. fetus subsp. venerealis strains with no observed cross-reaction with C. fetus subsp. fetus-related Campylobacter species or other bovine venereal microflora. The 5 Taq nuclease assay detected approximately one single cell compared to 100 and 10 cells in the conventional PCR assay and 2,500 and 25,000 cells from selective culture from inoculated smegma and mucus, respectively. The respective detection limits following the enrichments from smegma and mucus were 5,000 and 50 cells/inoculum for the conventional PCR compared to 500 and 50 cells/inoculum for the 5 Taq nuclease assay. Field sampling confirmed the sensitivity and the specificity of the 5 Taq nuclease assay by detecting an additional 40 bulls that were not detected by culture. Urine-inoculated samples demonstrated comparable detection of C. fetus subsp. venerealis by both culture and the 5 Taq nuclease assay; however, urine was found to be less effective than smegma for bull sampling. Three infected bulls were tested repetitively to compare sampling tools, and the bull rasper proved to be the most suitable, as evidenced by the improved ease of specimen collection and the consistent detection of higher levels of C. fetus subsp. venerealis. The 5 Taq nuclease assay demonstrates a statistically significant association with culture ( 2 ‫؍‬ 29.8; P < 0.001) and significant improvements for the detection of C. fetus subsp. venerealis-infected animals from crude clinical extracts following prolonged transport.

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of Culture and a Novel 5′ Taq Nuclease Assay for Direct Detection of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis in Clinical Specimens from Cattle

McMillen¹,

Fordyce²,

Doogan³

et al. 2006

J Clin Microbiol

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“…As mucosas estão em contato constante com o meio externo, possuem IgA com componente secretório (S-IgA) no epitélio e lâmina própria e contém folículos linfóides organizados na região subepitelial (Ogra 1996). Cobo et al (2004) testaram uma vacina contendo os dois microrganismos, C. fetus subsp. venerealis e T. foetus, utilizando imunizações via sistêmica e via vaginal.…”

Section: Controleunclassified

Campilobacteriose genital bovina e tricomonose genital bovina: epidemiologia, diagnóstico e controle

et al. 2011

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 31(4): 336-344, abril 2011 RESUMO.-A presente atualização trata de duas das mais importantes doenças sexualmente transmitidas de bovinos, a campilobacteriose genital bovina e a tricomonose genital bovina. São abordados aspectos relacionados à epidemiologia destas doenças, principalmente em relação a sua distribuição no Brasil. Também são revisados aspectos importantes de diagnóstico, incluindo as técnicas e interpretação dos resultados, além de medidas de controle para ambas as doenças. INTRODUÇÃOA campilobacteriose genital bovina (CGB) e a tricomonose genital bovina (TGB) são doenças infecto-contagiosas de transmissão sexual, que acometem bovinos em idade reprodutiva e causam grandes perdas econômicas em decorrência dos problemas reprodutivos desencadeados (Dekeyser 1984, Goodger & Skirrow 1986 The present update deals with two of the most important sexually transmitted diseases of cattle: bovine genital campylobacteriosis and bovine genital trichomonosis. Epidemiological aspects, mainly their distribution in Brazil, alongside with their diagnosis in cattle are presented and commented. The main points in their diagnoses, including the description of the techniques and the interpretation of the results are also reviewed. Finally the control and prevention of both diseases are discussed.

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“…Vaccination using both preparations enhanced the clearing of infection from the genital tract, IgG production against C. fetus subsp. venerealis (and T. foetus) and a higher pregnancy rate in tested females, even though the experimental vaccine provided better protection, inducing significantly much higher antibody titers (Cobo et al, 2004).…”

Section: Vaccination and Experimental Infectionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…A subsequent study by the same research team examined the efficiency of another commercial product (Trichguard V5L) against an experimental vaccine containing both C. fetus subsp. venerealis and Tritrichomonas foetus antigens (Cobo et al, 2004). Vaccination using both preparations enhanced the clearing of infection from the genital tract, IgG production against C. fetus subsp.…”

Section: Vaccination and Experimental Infectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Molecular diagnostic protocols for bovine genital campylobacteriosis using comparative genomics and virulence studies

Indjein¹

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Bovine genital campylobacteriosis is difficult to identify due to problems with the isolation of its causative agent Campylobacter fetus subspecies venerealis. To optimise isolation methods, three selective culture and three transport and enrichment media (TEMs) were evaluated using a pure C. fetus subsp. venerealis culture, with and without simulated field contamination by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. For optimal C. fetus subsp. venerealis isolation and growth, TEMs should be returned from the field within 48h of collection and plated within 4h onto Campylobacter selective agar plates incubated for 48-72h at 37°C under microaerophilic conditions. Longer transport or TEM incubation resulted in overgrowth of P. aeruginosa limiting C. fetus subsp. venerealis recovery.In order to establish an isolate collection, the parA real-time PCR assay was used to screen bull preputial secretions prior to culturing positive samples. A more sensitive real-time PCR assay was designed from the ISCfe1 insertion element and used to assess additional preputial samples, compared to the parA real-time assay. A proportion of real-time negative samples was also cultured. Fourteen cultures were obtained from either ISCfe1 (8/43; 18.6%) or parA (6/51; 11.8%) negative samples. ISCfe1 and parA sequences were obtained from isolates not confirmed by conventional methods suggesting that both parA and ISCfe1 may be found in organisms other than C. fetus subsp. venerealis. Molecular testing of cultures (n=84) confirmed the presence of these sequences in isolates identified as other Campylobacter spp. or Arcobacter-like organisms, while they were not always detected in all biochemically confirmed C. fetus subsp. venerealis isolates. The lack of specificity of all methods highlights the need for more reliable C. fetus subsp. venerealis-specific gene targets.The draft genomes of two C. fetus subsp. venerealis biovars aligned to C. fetus subsp. fetus genome provided 26 unique C. fetus subsp. venerealis regions. In order to identify new diagnostic targets, 13 putative conventional and one real-time PCR assays designed from contigs common to both C. fetus subsp. venerealis biovars were developed to screen the Campylobacter-like culture collection (n=84). Isolates biochemically identified as organisms other than C. fetus subsp.venerealis were positive on the new real-time and six conventional PCR assays, indicating that they were not suitable subspecies-specific markers. Seven assays detected isolates phenotyped as C. fetus subsp. venerealis except for two aerotolerant isolates recognized as C. fetus subsp. venerealis by iii other published methods. These seven gene targets could be further investigated for real-time PCR assay development as in silico BLAST analysis confirmed their conservation in the genomes of five of our C. fetus subsp. venerealis isolates. However, further bioinformatics analysis revealed that they were found in several C. fetus subsp. fetus strains, underlining that a pan-genomics study including multiple C. fetus genomes is ne...

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Immunization in heifers with dual vaccines containing Tritrichomonas foetus and Campylobacter fetus antigens using systemic and mucosal routes

Cited by 33 publications

References 21 publications

Comparison of Culture and a Novel 5′ Taq Nuclease Assay for Direct Detection of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis in Clinical Specimens from Cattle

Comparison of Culture and a Novel 5′ Taq Nuclease Assay for Direct Detection of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis in Clinical Specimens from Cattle

Campilobacteriose genital bovina e tricomonose genital bovina: epidemiologia, diagnóstico e controle

Molecular diagnostic protocols for bovine genital campylobacteriosis using comparative genomics and virulence studies

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