Immunity to tapeworms: intraspecific cross-protective interactions between<i>Hymenolepis citelli, H. diminuta</i>and<i>H. microstoma</i>in mice

Alghali, Sidi T.O.; Grencis, R. K.

doi:10.1017/s0031182000065525

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…It is well known that interactions between different species of intestinal helminths may influence the establishment or the growth of 2 or both species involved, and that both specific and non-specific responses can be involved (e.g. PALMAS et al, 1985;ALGHALI & GRENCIS, 1986;FERRETTI et al, 1984). In many studies the effects were shown to be mediated through a specific cross-immunity, although competition for food (READ & PHIFER, 1959;HOLMES, 1961) or production by one species of an environment unsuitable for the other are also implicated (FERRETTI et al, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific cross-immunity betweenHymenolepis nanaandH. diminuta: immunization with heterologous and homologous light infections

1988

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The consequences of previous and concurrent infection with two related species of cestodes, Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta, were studied in CD1 mice. A H. diminuta infection strongly affected the establishment and the survival of a secondary H. nana egg or cyst infection administered 30 days later. An infection of 20 H. nana eggs strongly protected against a 5-cyst H. diminuta challenge, whereas an infection of 10 H. nana cysts was ineffective; 20 H. nana eggs also protected against a challenge with 5 cysts of H. diminuta administered 5 days later. No effects were observed in either parasite during a concurrent infection established by administration of cysts. An H. nana egg-infection was unable to affect the establishment of a secondary H. nana cyst-infection given 1 month later; however a significant decrease in growth was found. Similar results were found when a primary H. nana egg-infection was followed 5 days later by the homologous cyst-infection. But an infection with 5 H. nana cysts was unable to protect against a homologous challenge of 5 cysts or 20 eggs. The reciprocal cross immunity between the heterologous parasites and the failure of protection of homologous challenges are discussed in relation to light infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific cross-immunity betweenHymenolepis nanaandH. diminuta: immunization with heterologous and homologous light infections

1988

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Free-living communities and alimentary tract helminths: hypotheses and pattern analyses

Simberloff¹

1990

Parasite Communities: Patterns and Processes

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Heterologous antagonistic and synergistic interactions between helminths and between helminths and protozoans in concurrent experimental infection of mammalian hosts

et al. 1987

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Experimental concurrent infection with two or more parasite species in mammalian host models may result in heterologous antagonistic and synergistic interactions ranging in magnitude from reduced/enhanced growth and fecundity to blockage/enhancement of establishment/expulsion. With some exceptions only, there is a reasonable correlation between the levels of interaction monitored by parasitological and by clinico-pathological parameters. Heterologous antagonistic interactions mediated by functional and specific immunological cross-reactivity occur between closely related parasite species exhibiting a marked immunobiological similarity. In contrast, antagonistic interactions between antigenetically more remote species of helminths, protozoan-induced resistance to helminth infection and helminth-induced suppression of concurrent protozoan infection generally appear mediated by immunologically non-specific factors like macrophage activation and inflammatory reactions. Synergistic heterologous interactions between helminths, helminth-induced enhancement of concurrent protozoan infection and interference with the development and maintenance of resistance to helminth infection in response to concurrent protozoan infection are generally thought to be mediated by non-specific parasite-induced immunosuppression. Concurrent experimental infection is very complex. There are problems and limitations in extrapolating from experimental studies on concurrent infection in laboratory animals to natural polyparasitism. This fact, coupled with the complex influence of ecological factors on the pattern and frequency of concurrent natural infection means that major consequences of natural concurrent parasite infection have not been definitively demonstrated. Appropriately planned and controlled field studies and further laboratory experiments on primate and domestic animal models are imperative for elucidation of the importance of heterologous interactions in concurrent parasite infection for the disease pattern in man and domestic stock. Experimental studies hitherto conducted on concurrent parasite infection pointing to natural heterologous interactions may be a valuable starting point for further studies.

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Immunity to tapeworms: intraspecific cross-protective interactions betweenHymenolepis citelli, H. diminutaandH. microstomain mice

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Specific cross-immunity betweenHymenolepis nanaandH. diminuta: immunization with heterologous and homologous light infections

Specific cross-immunity betweenHymenolepis nanaandH. diminuta: immunization with heterologous and homologous light infections

Free-living communities and alimentary tract helminths: hypotheses and pattern analyses

Heterologous antagonistic and synergistic interactions between helminths and between helminths and protozoans in concurrent experimental infection of mammalian hosts

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