Immunity and Vaccination Against Measles, Mumps, and Rubella in Adult Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

Kawamura, Koji; Wada, Hiroo; Nakasone, Hideki; Akahoshi, Yu; Kawamura, Satoshi; Takeshita, Junko; Yoshino, Nozomu; Misaki, Yukiko; Yoshimura, Kazuki; Gomyo, Ayumi; Tamaki, Masaharu; Kusuda, Machiko; Kameda, Kazuaki; Sato, Miki; Tanihara, Aki; Kimura, Shun‐ichi; Kako, Shinichi; Kanda, Yoshinobu

doi:10.1016/j.jtct.2021.02.027

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Consistent with previous studies, [10][11][12][13][14] we observed a higher seroconversion rate for rubella than for measles and mumps following MMR immunization. We observed no differences in the demographics, type of transplant, type of donor, underlying diagnosis, comorbidity score, or time interval between transplant and first MMR dose between responders and non-responders (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…According to current expert recommendations, 3,16 adult HCT recipients seronegative for measles should receive only one dose of MMR, and postvaccination titer measurement is not recommended. Our results and those by others, 11 challenge this notion, as (i) seroconversion rates after single dose MMR are inadequate, and (ii) we observed high seroconversion rates in nonresponders who received a second MMR dose. We propose that antibody titers should be measured following MMR vaccination in adult HCT recipients and that those who are not immune undergo administration of a second dose with repeat postvaccination titers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Loss of immunity to MMR commonly occurs in the first several years after transplantation 2,11 . In a recent report, the probability of being seropositive at 2 years after allogeneic HCT in adult patients who were seropositive before transplant was 61% for measles, 40% for mumps, and 52% for rubella 11 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Successful restoration of protective immunity against measles, mumps, and rubella following MMR vaccination in adult hematopoietic cell transplant recipients

Lin

Anderson

Morris

et al. 2023

Transplant Infectious Dis

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Background The optimal number of doses as well as the role for measurement of postvaccination titers after measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccination in adult hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients remains unknown. Methods In the present study, we assessed humoral immunity against measles, mumps and rubella before and after MMR vaccination in 187 adults who received at least one dose of the MMR vaccine after HCT. Results Among those with baseline titers, posttransplant prevaccination seroprotection rates were 56%, 30%, and 54% for measles, mumps, and rubella, respectively; and significantly lower in allogeneic versus autologous HCT recipients for measles (39% vs. 80%, p = .0001), mumps (22% vs. 41%; p = .02) and rubella (48% vs. 62%, p = .12). Among those who were seronegative at baseline, seroconversion rates after one dose of MMR were 69%, 56%, and 97% for measles, mumps, and rubella, respectively. Seronegative patients after one dose of MMR (i.e., nonresponders) seroconverted for measles and mumps after a second MMR vaccine dose. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate successful restoration of protective immunity against measles, mumps, and rubella after vaccination in adult HCT recipients; one dose of MMR elicited protective titers in the majority of patients, and a second vaccine dose was immunogenic in nonresponders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

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Successful restoration of protective immunity against measles, mumps, and rubella following MMR vaccination in adult hematopoietic cell transplant recipients

Lin

Anderson

Morris

et al. 2023

Transplant Infectious Dis

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“…Evaluating their responses, chronic GVHD was negatively associated with seroconversion (OR 0.06; p = 0.023). This influence of GHVD is supported by Kawamura [ 37 ]. However, though vaccinating with only one dose and earlier post-transplantation (median 41.7 months post-HSCT), their seroconversion rates were remarkably better: 36–72%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…A total of 24 articles reported results on alloHSCT, 5 on autoHSCT and 6 on both. Fourteen articles reported on influenza [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ], four on pneumococci [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ], one on tetanus and pertussis [ 30 ], one on Hib [ 31 ], one on meningococci [ 32 ], three on hepatitis B [ 33 , 34 , 35 ], two on measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) [ 36 , 37 ] and two on varicella zoster virus [ 38 , 39 ]. Seven articles reported data on multiple vaccines [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccine Responses in Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: A Comprehensive Review

Janssen

Bruns

Kuball

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Consensus on timing of post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) vaccination is currently lacking and is therefore assessed in this review. PubMed was searched systematically for articles concerning vaccination post-HSCT and included a basis in predefined criteria. To enable comparison, data were extracted and tables were constructed per vaccine, displaying vaccine response as either seroprotection or seroconversion for allogeneic HSCT (alloHSCT) and autologous HSCT (autoHSCT) separately. A total of 33 studies were included with 1914 patients in total: 1654 alloHSCT recipients and 260 autoHSCT recipients. In alloHSCT recipients, influenza vaccine at 7–48 months post-transplant resulted in responses of 10–97%. After 12 months post-transplant, responses were >45%. Pneumococcal vaccination 3–25 months post-transplant resulted in responses of 43–99%, with the response increasing with time. Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis and Haemophilus influenzae type b at 6–17 months post-transplant: 26–100%. Meningococcal vaccination at 12 months post-transplant: 65%. Hepatitis B vaccine at 6–23 months post-transplant: 40–94%. Measles, mumps and rubella at 41–69 months post-transplant: 19–72%. In general, autoHSCT recipients obtained slightly higher responses compared with alloHSCT recipients. Conclusively, responses to childhood immunization vaccines post-HSCT are poor in comparison with healthy individuals. Therefore, evaluation of response might be indicated. Timing of revaccination is essential for optimal response. An individualized approach might be necessary for optimizing vaccine responses.

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Measles, mumps, and rubella revaccination in children after completion of chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a single-center prospective efficacy and safety analysis

et al. 2023

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Immunity and Vaccination Against Measles, Mumps, and Rubella in Adult Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Successful restoration of protective immunity against measles, mumps, and rubella following MMR vaccination in adult hematopoietic cell transplant recipients

Successful restoration of protective immunity against measles, mumps, and rubella following MMR vaccination in adult hematopoietic cell transplant recipients

Vaccine Responses in Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: A Comprehensive Review

Measles, mumps, and rubella revaccination in children after completion of chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a single-center prospective efficacy and safety analysis

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