Immunity Against Animal Parasites

The Relation between Panthothenic Acid and Plasmodium gallinaceum Infections in the Chicken and the Antimalarial Activity of Analogues of Pantothenic Acid

“…It has been known for some time that dietary deficiencies of the host may increase the intensity of an infection, and this has been interpreted to be a result of an impaired defense mechanism (Culbertson, 1941). An indirect effect via the defense mechanism seems less likely in other recently reported experiments in which various infections have been reduced in intensity in deficient hosts (Becker, Manressa and Smith, 1943;Seeler and Ott, 1944).…”

Studies on Mosquito Bites

“…The latter form of reaction may in exceptional cases assume the character of an Arthus phenomenon with necrosis (Brown, Griffitts, Erwin k Dyrenforth, 1938, Culbertson, 1941, Furthermore a peculiar flare-up of old sites following new bites of the same kind has been observed, the so-called "repetition reaction" {Hase, 1944). Either an immediate reaction may develop following the bite of the mosquito, consisting of a wheal and erythema, or the bite may be followed by a papular delayed reaction which will, as a rule, develop after 24 hours.…”

“…Either an immediate reaction may develop following the bite of the mosquito, consisting of a wheal and erythema, or the bite may be followed by a papular delayed reaction which will, as a rule, develop after 24 hours. The latter form of reaction may in exceptional cases assume the character of an Arthus phenomenon with necrosis (Brown, Griffitts, Erwin k Dyrenforth, 1938, Culbertson, 1941, Furthermore a peculiar flare-up of old sites following new bites of the same kind has been observed, the so-called "repetition reaction" {Hase, 1944). Finally, it should be mentioned that certain individuals do not react in any way after having been bitten by mosquitoes.…”

The Duration of Immunity to Plasmodium Knowlesi Malaria in Rhesus Monkeys

“…(Received for publication, December 15, 1943) There is general agreement as to the fundamental principles relating to the development of acquired immunity to malaria parasites (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). After the termination of an acute infection with any of the species of plasmoclin which have been fully studied, parasites usually can no longer be found microscopically in the peripherai blood, and the host becomes refractory to reinoculation with the same strain of parasite.…”

“…This situation, in which immunity exists as long as living parasites are present in the host, has been called premunition (13)(14)(15) in contrast to true immunity, which begins with the termination of an infection and the disappearance of the parasitic organism from the host. Immunity to human, monkey, and avian malaria parasites is known (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) to have the characteristics of premunition.…”