“…However, HCMV chronic infection has been shown to drive the expansion of immune cells that are associated with numerous inflammatory pathologies such as cardiovascular disease, COVID-19, and SMI [ 16 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. In addition, chronic HCMV infection, inflammaging, and advancing age significantly affect the immune system, ultimately contributing to the onset of various diseases [ 11 , 16 , 38 , 39 ]. Besides, a recent study has recently shown that the response to HCMV depends on the sex of the individual [ 40 ].…”