Immune roles of a rhamnose-binding lectin in the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri

Routes in Innate Immunity Evolution: Galectins and Rhamnose‐binding Lectins in Ascidians

“…This result was confirmed by in situ hybridization with an antisense riboprobe of 460 nucleotides, as staining was restricted to hemolymph and circulating phagocytes were the only labeled cells (Fig. 9.7d) (Franchi et al, 2011).…”

“…Semiquantitative PCR confirmed the higher expression of BsRBL at take-over (Fig. 9.6d) (Franchi et al, 2011). The rise in the frequency of immunopositive cells at take-over is probably related to the massive apoptosis occurring in the tissues of old zooids during this phase of the colonial blastogenetic cycle.…”

“…Results from gel chromatography support this hypothesis, as four peaks are observable, with apparent sizes of 3.5, 7.5, 16.8 and 33.5 kDa, probably representing the monomeric, dimeric, tetrameric and octameric forms, respectively (Franchi et al, 2011;Gasparini et al, 2008). The three-dimensional structure of BsRBLs (Franchi et al, 2011) supports the formation of oligomers through noncovalent interactions between monomers. Residues 1-21 represent an N-terminal signal peptide, which is removed prior to secretion as it is never found in tryptic peptide analysis.…”

Ultrastructural aspects of naturally occurring wound in the tunic of two ascidians: Ciona intestinalis and Styela plicata (Tunicata)

“…Recently, a new member of the RBL (rhamnose binding lectin) family was isolated from the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri. Its ability to agglutinate foreign particles was characterized and a multiple role in immunosurveillance and immunomodulation was hypothesized (Gasparini et al, 2008;Franchi et al, 2011). The presence in damaged areas of clumps of cellular ghosts with vesicles where bacteria are accumulated implies that cells may be involved in the clearance of cellular debris and invading microbes.…”

De novodraft assembly of theBotrylloides leachiigenome provides further insight into tunicate evolution

“…Finally, the quality of the meta-meta-584 assemblies was estimated using the BUSCO score and the best one (Table S5) with an e-value cut-off at 10 -5 using the SequencerServer software (Priyam et al 2015 813 Franchi N, Schiavon F, Carletto M, Gasparini F, Bertoloni G, Tosatto SCE, Ballarin L. 2011. 814 Immune roles of a rhamnose-binding lectin in the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri. 815 Immunobiology 216: 725-736. clustering retained for the Hox10, Hox11 and Hox12 genes (Fig.…”