Immune responses to myelin basic protein in mycobacterial-induced suppression of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats was suppressed by pretreatment with complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) 14–16 days before immunization with basic protein (BP) in CFA. Suppression of active EAE was also accomplished clinically and even histologically if lymph node cells from CFA-treated donors were passively transferred. Obviously this depends first on a certain amount of transferred lymph node cells (about 3 × 10⁸) and secondly on the interval between CFA application and cell harvest (more than 14 days). No suppression was obtained by transfer of serum from CFA-treated donors. This indicates that there is a suppressor cell population which can be raised or stimulated by CFA and which is capable of suppressing the immune response EAE.

“…Since 1949 this phenomenon is known in guinea pigs (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). although the mechanisms involved were not completely understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis by Transfer of Lymph Node Cells from Lewis Rats Pretreated with Complete Freund’s Adjuvant

Englert¹,

Hempel²

1981

“…Guinea pig injected with mycobacteria antigens ex pressed dermal activity to gpBP [30], Lisak and Zweiman [17] noted a diminution in the degree of cell-me diated reactivity to gpBP which might be one of the mechanisms by which prior treatment with CFA sup presses subsequent development of EAE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unresponsiveness to Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis in Lewis Rats Pretreated with Complete Freund’s Adjuvant

Hempel¹,

A²,

Freitag³

et al. 1985

A single injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant blended with aluminum hydroxide gel (ALU-CFA) was successfully used to prevent clinical as well as histologic experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats for more than 330 days. Adjuvant preparations with Mycobacterium tuberculosis were more potent than those with Mycobacterium butyricum. Neither the removal of the ALU-CFA inoculum nor a splenectomy 1 month after immunization arrested the adjuvant induced unresponsiveness. However cyclophosphamide restored responsiveness in more than half of the treated animals when applied 2 days before the encephalitogenic challenge at a dose of 20 mg/kg. Passive EAE was not prevented by the ALU-CFA pretreatment. The disease was induced by the transfer of 4 × 10⁶ T lymphocytes of a cell line reactive against myelin basic protein. This indicates that the adjuvant prevents EAE at the inductive rather than at the effector phase of the autoimmune response.

“…The administration of CFA only, as shown previ ously by other studies [1,2,12], abolished the subse quent susceptibility of DA rats to EAE induction. The suppressive effects of the adjuvant were long-lasting, related to the inductive phase of the autoimmune re sponse, and could be abrogated by pretreatment of rats with low doses of cyclophosphamide [3].…”

Section: ------------------------------------After 2nd Immunization1 mentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The results presented in table II demonstrate that TDM can support the in duction of this type of resistance; DA rats exhibit complete resistance to the reinduction of the disease when TDM in IFA was used as adjuvant, irrespec tively whether heterologous nervous tissue (BSC) or purified encephalitogen (MBP) was used for the first immunization. It has recently been well documented that CFA blended with aluminum hydroxide gel pre vented EAE in Lewis rats [3] while CFA alone in duced a significant degree of resistance, as evaluated by clinical criteria [11] and histological criteria [1,12] in rats and guinea pigs. The results presented in table III are compatible with these findings.…”

Section: Tdm Can Support Antigen-specific Resistance To Reinduction Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissection of Adjuvant and Suppressive Effects of Mycobacteria in Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis Production

Mostarica-Stojković

Vukmanović²,

Petrović³

et al. 1988

Dark August rats exhibit clinically and histologically verified experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) when immunized with appropriate antigen (nervous tissue, myelin basic protein) emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA). We provide evidence that 6,6′-trechalose dymicolate (TDM) incorporated in incomplete Freund’s adjuvant replaces CFA in EAE induction. The animals that recovered from EAE were resistant to the reinduction of the disease irrespectively whether Mycobacterium tuberculosis or TDM was used as an adjuvant. Finally, pretreatment with CFA alone was sufficient for prevention of disease elicited by challenge with encephalitogen + CFA. However, TDM, despite its adjuvant capacity when applied prior to the induction of the disease with encephalitogen + CFA, did not exhibit any protective effect. Thus, our study implicates that adjuvant and suppressive capacities of M. tuberculosis may be related to the different determinants of the microorganisms, TDM possessing the adjuvanticity only.