Immune responses, ROS generation and the haemocyte damage of scallop Chlamys farreri exposed to Aroclor 1254

Effects of various pollutant mixtures on immune responses of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) collected at a salinity gradient in Danish coastal waters

“…As in previous studies or results suggest that the immune system is likely to be affected by contaminants, even at levels that are not toxic (Auffret et al, 2006;Duchemin et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2009), eventually compromising disease susceptibility. The health of an organism is dependent on an effective immune response, which e in bivalves e is employed by haemocytes and humoral factors (Galloway and Goven, 2006;Pipe and Coles, 1995).…”

“…Further, potential ecologically relevant impacts on the health of marine organisms may be predicted at an early stage. Additionally, there is evidence that immunological functions are extremely sensitive to anthropogenic chemicals at exposure concentrations that are not toxic (Duchemin et al, 2008;Galloway and Depledge, 2001;Liu et al, 2009).…”

Immunotoxic effect of Benzo[α]Pyrene and chrysene in juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

“…In this study, the pro-PO activity, PO activity, α 2 -M activity, antibacterial activity and bacteriolytic activity of the shrimps were significantly decreased following 6d exposure to high concentrations of BaP and CHR, and presented significant dose response and time response. These results were consistent with the studies of Liu [10] and Zhang [11], and they found that BaP and Aroclor 1254 could inhibit the humoral immune factors of scallop (Chlamys farreri).…”

“…An effective immune response is important in themaintenance of the health, disease and survival of an organism [8]. PAHs can alter cellular function (viability and immune function) in various invertebrate species, such as bivalves [9][10][11] and crustaceans [12,13]. Therefore, immune function is important in assessing sublethal effect of contaminant exposure [14].…”

The Effects of 4-Nonylphenol on the Immune Response of The Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea Gigas, Following Bacterial Infection (Vibrio Campbellii)

“…Furthermore, some environmental contaminants have also been shown to directly influence baseline THCs in marine bivalves. For example, THCs have been shown to decline following exposure to certain heavy metals (cadmium and copper; Auffert et al, 2002;Haberkorn et al, 2014) and PCBs (Liu et al, 2009), and increase in response to certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (phenanthrene; Hannam et al, 2010), nanoparticles (nanoscale titanium dioxide; Wang et al, 2014), and other heavy metals (chromium; Ciacci et al, 2011).…”