Immune responses of different COVID-19 vaccination strategies by analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing data from multiple tissues using machine learning methods

Li, Hao; Ma, Qinglan; Ren, Jingxin; Guo, Wei; Kong, Feng; Li, Zhandong; Huang, Tao; Cai, Yi

doi:10.3389/fgene.2023.1157305

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 158 publications

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“…Different active vaccines may also trigger different immune responses [ 41 ]. Comorbidities and genetic predispositions also influence immunocompetence and symptom severity [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective, Observational Analysis on the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Variant Omicron in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients in a German Hospital Network—The VISAGE Study

Nachtigall,

Kwast,

Hohenstein

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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Aims: Endemic SARS-CoV-2 infections still burden the healthcare system and represent a considerable threat to vulnerable patient cohorts, in particular immunocompromised (IC) patients. This study aimed to analyze the in-hospital outcome of IC patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in Germany. Methods: This retrospective, observational study, analyzed administrative data from inpatient cases (n = 146,324) in 84 German Helios hospitals between 1 January 2022 and 31 December 2022 with regard to in-hospital outcome and health care burden in IC patients during the first 12 months of Omicron dominance. As the primary objective, in-hospital outcomes of patients with COVID-19-related severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) were analyzed by comparing patients with (n = 2037) and without IC diagnoses (n = 14,772). Secondary analyses were conducted on IC patients with (n = 2037) and without COVID-19-related SARI (n = 129,515). A severe in-hospital outcome as a composite endpoint was defined per the WHO definition if one of the following criteria were met: intensive care unit (ICU) treatment, mechanical ventilation (MV), or in-hospital death. Results: In total, 12% of COVID-related SARI cases were IC patients, accounting for 15% of ICU admissions, 15% of MV use, and 16% of deaths, resulting in a higher prevalence of severe in-hospital courses in IC patients developing COVID-19-related SARI compared to non-IC patients (Odds Ratio, OR = 1.4, p < 0.001), based on higher in-hospital mortality (OR = 1.4, p < 0.001), increased need for ICU treatment (OR = 1.3, p < 0.001) and mechanical ventilation (OR = 1.2, p < 0.001). Among IC patients, COVID-19-related SARI profoundly increased the risk for severe courses (OR = 4.0, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our findings highlight the vulnerability of IC patients to severe COVID-19. The persistently high prevalence of severe outcomes in these patients in the Omicron era emphasizes the necessity for continuous in-hospital risk assessment and monitoring of IC patients.

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“…Different active vaccines may also trigger different immune responses [ 41 ]. Comorbidities and genetic predispositions also influence immunocompetence and symptom severity [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective, Observational Analysis on the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Variant Omicron in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients in a German Hospital Network—The VISAGE Study

Nachtigall,

Kwast,

Hohenstein

et al. 2024

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As the world has witnessed, various types of COVID-19 vaccines are highly effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and in reducing symptoms after infection. Almost all of these vaccinations provoke systemic immune responses; however, differences in the immune responses caused by different immunization regimens are readily evident [191] (Figure 2). Vaccine design is a crucial process, leading to an optimal immune response, and the selection of the antigen and platform, the need for adjuvants, the formulation, and the method of delivery are some of the determining factors [192].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Vaccine Efficacies and Specific Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Detection to Protection: Antibodies and Their Crucial Role in Diagnosing and Combatting SARS-CoV-2

Kumar,

Tripathi,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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Understanding the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, is crucial to comprehending disease progression and the significance of vaccine and therapeutic development. The emergence of highly contagious variants poses a significant challenge to humoral immunity, underscoring the necessity of grasping the intricacies of specific antibodies. This review emphasizes the pivotal role of antibodies in shaping immune responses and their implications for diagnosing, preventing, and treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. It delves into the kinetics and characteristics of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 and explores current antibody-based diagnostics, discussing their strengths, clinical utility, and limitations. Furthermore, we underscore the therapeutic potential of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, discussing various antibody-based therapies such as monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, anti-cytokines, convalescent plasma, and hyperimmunoglobulin-based therapies. Moreover, we offer insights into antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, emphasizing the significance of neutralizing antibodies in order to confer immunity to SARS-CoV-2, along with emerging variants of concern (VOCs) and circulating Omicron subvariants. We also highlight challenges in the field, such as the risks of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and shed light on the challenges associated with the original antigenic sin (OAS) effect and long COVID. Overall, this review intends to provide valuable insights, which are crucial to advancing sensitive diagnostic tools, identifying efficient antibody-based therapeutics, and developing effective vaccines to combat the evolving threat of SARS-CoV-2 variants on a global scale.

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A prognostic model for SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection: Analyzing a prospective cellular immunity cohort

Yang,

Meng,

Hao

et al. 2024

International Immunopharmacology

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Immune responses of different COVID-19 vaccination strategies by analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing data from multiple tissues using machine learning methods

Cited by 5 publications

References 158 publications

Retrospective, Observational Analysis on the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Variant Omicron in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients in a German Hospital Network—The VISAGE Study

Retrospective, Observational Analysis on the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Variant Omicron in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients in a German Hospital Network—The VISAGE Study

From Detection to Protection: Antibodies and Their Crucial Role in Diagnosing and Combatting SARS-CoV-2

A prognostic model for SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection: Analyzing a prospective cellular immunity cohort

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