Immune response to Newcastle disease virus in chicken lines divergently selected for cutaneous hypersensitivity

Abstract

This paper describes for the first time the differential immune response to virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in birds differing in cell-mediated immunity, as measured by response to phytohaemagglutinin-P. To explore potential host-pathogen interactions, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from 40 extreme responder birds (20 birds each from high and low cell-mediated immunity lines). PBMC cultures were stimulated by virulent NDV and temporal expression profiles of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA was evaluated by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR). To further explore the correlation of iNOS mRNA expression and nitric oxide (NO) production, we assayed the culture supernatants for NO. NO production, as well as iNOS and IFN-gamma mRNA expression, was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the line with higher cell-mediated immunity. In our study, a significant (P < 0.05) difference was observed between the lines for IFN-gamma promoter polymorphism for the TspEI site. The high cell-mediated immunity line mostly revealed the genotype (GG) with a 168-bp fragment. On the other hand, this genotype was not predominant in the low cell-mediated immunity line. Later, quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated higher (P < 0.01) IFN-gamma mRNA transcription in the genotype GG in response to NDV. This difference in promoter region may be responsible for differential IFN-gamma mRNA transcription in chicken lines. Furthermore, birds of high cell-mediated immunity line showed better adaptive immunity to booster NDV vaccination as revealed by an enhanced antibody titre. Thus, this study provides baseline data on the effect of phytohaemagglutinin-P response-based selection on immune responses to virulent NDV and the data could be of immense importance to poultry geneticist and immunologist attempting to breed poultry for disease resistance.

Supplementation of Vitamin E Protects Chickens from Newcastle Disease Virus-Mediated Exacerbation of Intestinal Oxidative Stress and Tissue Damage

“…We observed a higher level of NO in intestinal mucosa in NDV challenged groups compared to control. Our results are in agreement with the Ahmed, et al [33]. and Lam, et al [34].…”

Virulent Newcastle disease virus elicits a strong innate immune response in chickens

“…Research has shown that, in chicken cells, NDV can induce nitric oxide (NO) in vitro in heterophils (Sick et al, 2000) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (Ahmed et al, 2007), alpha (IFN-a) and beta (IFN-b) interferon mRNA in macrophages (Sick et al, 1998) and gamma interferon (IFN-c) mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (Ahmed et al, 2007). Yet this existing knowledge of the in vitro response to NDV is insufficient to understand the nature of the host response to virulent NDV in vivo or to understand the underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis.…”

The IMMUNOSTIMULAN POTENTIAL OF TENGGULUN (PROTIUM JAVANICUM) LEAVES TOWARDS T CELL CD4+ AND IFNγ SECRETION ON PBMC CHICKEN

“…The ND virus infection in-vitro induced by Nitric Oxide on heterophile chicken. 11 PBMC also showed that IFNγ that IFNß in mRNA can be detected in macrophages. The discovery of drugs derived from plants which modulate the function of CD4 + and CD8 + are important for the potential therapeutic of compounds.…”

“…The data analysis results for the secretion of IFNγ showed that the control group + (K + ), P0, P1 and P2 has a value secretion higher than the group control-(K), because ND virus inoculation can increase the secretion of IFNγ. 11,15 Among the highest valued treatment group for the secretion of IFNγ, the treatment group 2 (P2) shows that the administration of 10μg dose Tenggulun leaf extract is the most effective to increase the secretion of IFNγ. The increased secretion of IFNγ may be caused by Tenggulun leaves' terpenoids as the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory compounds.…”