Immune response to Neospora caninum in naturally infected heifers and heifers vaccinated with inactivated antigen during the second trimester of gestation

Moore, D.P.; Leunda, María; Zamorano, Patricia; Odeón, Anselmo Carlos; Romera, Sonia Alejandra; Cano, Adriana Virginia; Yaniz, G. de; Venturini, Marı́a Cecilia; Campero, Carlos Manuel

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.03.010

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The specific antibody IgG profile in re-infected bulls was similar to that observed in other re-infected cattle with live [10,11] and inactivated [12] tachyzoites. In bulls with experimentally induced primary infection with N. caninum, serum antibody IgG levels were predominantly close to threshold levels, and sometimes fell to seronegative values.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Effects of re-infection with Neospora caninum in bulls on parasite detection in semen and blood and immunological responses

et al. 2008

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Three bulls with experimentally induced primary infection with Neospora caninum were re-infected intravenously with 10 8 live N. caninum tachyzoites of the NC-1 isolate at 300 days post-infection to investigate the presence of N. caninum in semen and blood, and the associated immune responses. In parallel, three bulls with experimentally induced primary infection with N. caninum and three noninfected bulls were also monitored. Re-infected and infected bulls showed an intermittent presence of N. caninum DNA in semen with a parasite load ranging from 0.1 to 15.6 (mean 4.4) and 0.1 to 11.1 (mean 4.1) parasites/ml, respectively. Re-infected bulls showed significant and persistent serum-specific IgM and IgG antibody responses. Specific IgG levels were detected in seminal plasma of all infected bulls, but the magnitude of the response was significantly higher in re-infected rather than in chronically infected animals. The mean specific IFN-g levels in re-infected bulls were significantly increased as early as 3 and 7 days after experimental infection when compared to bulls in other groups. This study showed that the intermittent presence and parasite load of N. caninum in the semen of reinfected bulls is very similar to that reported in chronically infected animals. The protozoa could not be isolated from BALB/c nu/nu mice inoculated with PCR-positive semen samples and inseminated heifers with pooled semen samples did not show seroconversion. Plasma IFN-g level seems to be a good indicator of a recent N. caninum infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Effects of re-infection with Neospora caninum in bulls on parasite detection in semen and blood and immunological responses

et al. 2008

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“…In their study the pre-vaccination infection status of the cattle and the degree of exposure post vaccination to N. caninum were unknown; however the incidence of Neospora-abortion was 11.2% (49/ 438) in vaccinated animals and 20.8% (91/438) in the placebo group. In a recent work similar immune responses (titres of specific antibodies and concentrations of IFN-γ) were observed in naturally infected heifers and heifers inoculated with a killed whole N. caninum tachyzoite preparation during the second trimester of gestation 34 . However, it is also known that such inactivated preparations are unable to prevent vertical transmission in cattle 35 .…”

Section: Control Strategiessupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Nevertheless, since maternal antibodies disappear by 6 months in calves born to vaccinated heifers 34 , a test-and cull strategy could be performed in replacement heifers before breeding and vaccination. Furthermore, every pregnant bovine (infected or non-infected) could be vaccinated and its progeny tested serologically before colostrum-intake or after 6 months of age to determinate its infection status.…”

Section: Control Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of Neospora-seropositive animals: An opinion

Moore

2005

Parasitol. latinoam.

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“…caninum humoral responses following experimental challenge with the parasite, which continues to suggest a role for antibodies in a protective immune response [41]. Antibody responses were seen in the infected dams from 7 dpi onwards, this coincided with high levels of circulating parasites, however in the foetuses anti- Neospora antibodies were not observed until 42 dpi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of maternal and foetal immune responses in cattle following experimental challenge with Neospora caninum at day 210 of gestation

Bartley

Katzer

Rocchi

et al. 2013

Vet Res

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This study examined the immunological responses of pregnant cattle and their foetuses following an experimental challenge with live Neospora caninum tachyzoites at day 210 of gestation. Animals were bled prior to and weekly throughout the experiment and sacrificed at 14, 28, 42 and 56 days post inoculation (dpi). At post mortem examination, samples of lymph nodes and spleen were collected from both dam and foetus for immunological analysis. Subcutaneous (sc) inoculation over the left prefemoral (LPF) lymph node of pregnant cattle at day 210 of gestation, led to the vertical transmission of parasites by 14 dpi, however no foetal deaths were observed in the infected animals. Foetuses from infected dams mounted Neospora-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses by 14 dpi. These responses involved anti-Neospora IgG, antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation, and the production of the cytokines IFN–γ, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10. There was also evidence of innate immunity during the response against Neospora from infected dams, with statistically significant (p < 0.05) increases in mean expression of toll like receptors (TLR)-2 on 56 dpi in maternal spleen, LPF, right prefemoral (RPF), left uterine (LUL) and right uterine (RUL) lymph nodes and TLR-9 in retropharyngeal (RLN), LPF and RPF lymph nodes from 28 dpi. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) increases in mean TLR-9 were detected in spleen samples from foetuses of infected dams, compared to the foetuses from control animals. Our results show that vertical transmission of the parasite occurred in all infected dams, with their foetuses showing effective Neospora-specific cell mediated, humoral and innate immune responses.

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Immune response to Neospora caninum in naturally infected heifers and heifers vaccinated with inactivated antigen during the second trimester of gestation

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of re-infection with Neospora caninum in bulls on parasite detection in semen and blood and immunological responses

Effects of re-infection with Neospora caninum in bulls on parasite detection in semen and blood and immunological responses

Fate of Neospora-seropositive animals: An opinion

Development of maternal and foetal immune responses in cattle following experimental challenge with Neospora caninum at day 210 of gestation

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