Immune response of porcine alveolar macrophages to a concurrent infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Haemophilus parasuis in vitro

Kavanová, Lenka; Prodělalová, Jana; Nedbalcová, Kateřína; Matiašovic, Ján; Volf, Jiřı́; Faldyna, Martin; Salát, Jiřı́

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.08.026

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In addition, higher expression of the surface molecule CD163 (Figure 1B), which serves as an essential receptor for PRRSV infection [4, 5], could affect the sensitivity of MDMs to PRRSV. Decrease production of ROS by H. parasuis and potential antioxidative mechanisms of bacteria was described previously in our study [26]. On the contrary, Fu et al [51] demonstrated that H. parasuis induced ROS production in piglet mononuclear phagocytes after 3 and 6 h incubation with bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…H. parasuis as a gram negative bacterium has an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and LPS-mediated survival of macrophages has been previously observed by Lombardo et al [49]. The expression of these genes may also be associated with a significantly decreased level of ROS production after infection with H. parasuis (Figure 7A) as was already described in PAMs [26]. Oxidative stress caused by ROS has been suggested as a mediator of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis [13, 50].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Mortality of infected PAMs was published in previous study [26]. Briefly, the mortality of non-infected/mock infected PAMs was 2.7 ± 0.6% and 9.7 ± 1.5% at 4/28 and 24/48 h PI, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[20–24]. The additive effect of PRRSV infection and a secondary bacterial infection in the induction of multifactorial respiratory diseases was described in the case of H. parasuis [25, 26]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concurrent infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Haemophilus parasuis in two types of porcine macrophages: apoptosis, production of ROS and formation of multinucleated giant cells

Kavanová

Matiašková

Levá

et al. 2017

Vet Res

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most significant and economically important infectious diseases affecting swine worldwide and can predispose pigs to secondary bacterial infections caused by, e.g. Haemophilus parasuis. The aim of the presented study was to compare susceptibility of two different types of macrophages which could be in contact with both pathogens during infection with PRRS virus (PRRSV) and in co-infection with H. parasuis. Alveolar macrophages (PAMs) as resident cells provide one of the first lines of defence against microbes invading lung tissue. On the other hand, monocyte derived macrophages (MDMs) represent inflammatory cells accumulating at the site of inflammation. While PAMs were relatively resistant to cytopathogenic effect caused by PRRSV, MDMs were much more sensitive to PRRSV infection. MDMs infected with PRRSV increased expression of pro-apoptotic Bad, Bax and p53 mRNA. Increased mortality of MDMs may be also related to a higher intensity of ROS production after infection with PRRSV. In addition, MDMs (but not PAMs) infected with H. parasuis alone formed multinucleated giant cells (MGC); these cells were not observed in MDMs infected with both pathogens. Higher sensitivity of MDMs to PRRSV infection, which is associated with limited MDMs survival and restriction of MGC formation, could contribute to the development of multifactorial respiratory disease of swine.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13567-017-0433-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concurrent infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Haemophilus parasuis in two types of porcine macrophages: apoptosis, production of ROS and formation of multinucleated giant cells

Kavanová

Matiašková

Levá

et al. 2017

Vet Res

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“…Similarly, an immunosuppressive function of PRRSV was shown to probably be mediated by the cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β and action of Treg (21)(22)(23). Immunosuppression induced by PRRSV facilitates other viral and bacterial infections (18,24,25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics and Differences in Systemic and Local Immune Responses After Vaccination With Inactivated and Live Commercial Vaccines and Subsequent Subclinical Infection With PRRS Virus

et al. 2019

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The goals of our study were to compare the immune response to different killed and modified live vaccines against PRRS virus and to monitor the antibody production and the cell mediated immunity both at the systemic and local level. In the experiment, we immunized four groups of piglets with two commercial inactivated (A1—Progressis, A2—Suivac) and two modified live vaccines (B3—Amervac, B4—Porcilis). Twenty-one days after the final vaccination, all piglets, including the control non-immunized group (C5), were i.n., infected with the Lelystad strain of PRRS virus. The serum antibody response (IgM and IgG) was the strongest in group A1 followed by two MLV (B3 and B4) groups. Locally, we demonstrated the highest level of IgG antibodies in bronchoalveolar lavages (BALF), and saliva in group A1, whereas low IgA antibody responses in BALF and feces were detected in all groups. We have found virus neutralization antibody at DPV 21 (days post vaccination) and higher levels in all groups including the control at DPI 21 (days post infection). Positive antigen specific cell-mediated response in lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) was observed in groups B3 and B4 at DPV 7 and in group B4 at DPV 21 and in all intervals after infection. The IFN-γ producing lymphocytes after antigen stimulation were found in CD4 − CD8 + and CD4 + CD8 + subsets of all immunized groups 7 days after infection. After infection, there were obvious differences in virus excretion. The virus was detected in all groups of piglets in serum, saliva, and occasionally in feces at DPI 3. Significantly lower virus load was found in groups A1 and B3 at DPI 21. Negative samples appeared at DPI 21 in B3 group in saliva. It can be concluded that antibodies after immunization and infection, and the virus after infection can be detected in all the compartments monitored. Immunization with inactivated vaccine A1—Progressis induces high levels of antibodies produced both systemically and locally. Immunization with MLV-vaccines (Amervac and Porcilis) produces sufficient antibody levels and also cell-mediated immunity. After infection virus secretion gradually decreases in group B3, indicating tendency to induce sterile immunity.

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β2-adrenoreceptor stimulation dampens the LPS-induced M1 polarization in pig macrophages

Bacou

Haurogné

Allard

et al. 2017

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

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The cross-talk between sympatho-adreno-medullar axis and innate immunity players was mainly studied in rodents. In intensive husbandry, pigs are exposed to multiple stressors inducing repeated releases of catecholamines that bind to adrenoreceptors (AR) on target cells. Among adrenoreceptors, the β2-AR is largely expressed by immune cells including macrophages. We report herein on the effects of catecholamines, through β2-AR stimulation, on pig macrophage functions activated by LPS. β2-AR stimulation of porcine macrophages prevented the LPS-induced increase in TNFα and IL-8 secretion while increasing IL-10 secretion. In contrast, treatment with a β2-agonist had no effect on anti-microbial functions. Lastly, β2-AR stimulation of macrophages reduced the expression of genes up-regulated by LPS. Altogether, we demonstrated that β2-AR stimulation of porcine macrophages prevented polarization towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Since porcine macrophages are a suitable model for human macrophages, our results might be relevant to appreciate catecholamine effects on human macrophages.

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Immune response of porcine alveolar macrophages to a concurrent infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Haemophilus parasuis in vitro

Cited by 27 publications

References 44 publications

Concurrent infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Haemophilus parasuis in two types of porcine macrophages: apoptosis, production of ROS and formation of multinucleated giant cells

Concurrent infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Haemophilus parasuis in two types of porcine macrophages: apoptosis, production of ROS and formation of multinucleated giant cells

Dynamics and Differences in Systemic and Local Immune Responses After Vaccination With Inactivated and Live Commercial Vaccines and Subsequent Subclinical Infection With PRRS Virus

β2-adrenoreceptor stimulation dampens the LPS-induced M1 polarization in pig macrophages

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