Immune recovery after fluid resuscitation in rats with severe hemorrhagic shock

Feng, Yao; Lu, Yuan-Qiang; Jiang, Jiahuan; Gu, Linhui; Mou, Haiwei

doi:10.1631/jzus.b1600370

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In acute inflammation, the activation of leukocytes often occurs after glycocalyx shedding, and it has been found that the resuscitation of colloidal fluids will further accelerate glycocalyx shedding, thereby exacerbating the inflammatory reaction [ 19 ]. However, a recent study showed that [ 20 ] HES can prevent the degradation and rupture of glycocalyx through reducing the plasma concentration of syndecan-1, thereby maintaining the integrity of vascular epithelium, preventing plasma leakage, and repairing vascular microenvironment damage caused by inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyethyl Starch Improves the Prognosis of Rats with Traumatic Shock via Activation of the ERK Signaling Pathway in Lymphocytes

Liu¹,

Lu²,

Dong³

et al. 2022

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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Objective. Severe traumatic shock is one of the leading causes of death in young adults. A large number of studies have shown that effective volumetry resuscitation on the basis of controlled injury can not only increase the success rate of early resuscitation but also reduce systemic inflammatory response and improve the cure rate of severe traumatic shock. The study explored the effects of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) on the survival rate, lymphocyte function and proliferation of rats with traumatic shock, and the potential mechanisms. Methods. Traumatic shock was constructed in rats as experimental model, and liquid resuscitation was performed using HES and lactated Ringer’s (LR). 24-h mortality was recorded, and lymphocytes were isolated. The expressions of signaling pathway factors was detected by qPCR and Western blot. ELISA was performed to determine the expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in cell supernatant. Results. HES for fluid resuscitation augmented the survival of traumatic shock rats, upregulated the expressions of MEK and ERK1/2, and downregulated the expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α. However, inhibition of ERK signaling pathway reversed the effect of HES on the immune improvement and the 24-h survival rate of the traumatic shock rats ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. HES could exert the anti-inflammatory effects on lymphocytes by mediating the phosphorylation of proteins of the ERK signaling pathway. HSE demonstrated a high efficacy in effectively treating traumatic shock, thus could be used in clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyethyl Starch Improves the Prognosis of Rats with Traumatic Shock via Activation of the ERK Signaling Pathway in Lymphocytes

Liu¹,

Lu²,

Dong³

et al. 2022

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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“…The imbalance of Th17/Treg has been suggested to be positively correlated with the degree of acute liver injury ( 35 ). The balance of Th1/Th2 is attributed to conversion to type 2 responses during HS development ( 36 – 38 ). DCs subject to HS were more inclined to polarize naive CD4 + T cells into Th2 and Treg cells, consistent with the clinically observed immunosuppressive phenomena in severe patients ( 39 ).…”

Section: Innate Immune Response To Hsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate immunity and immunotherapy for hemorrhagic shock

Huang

Gao²,

Yao

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Hemorrhagic shock (HS) is a shock result of hypovolemic injury, in which the innate immune response plays a central role in the pathophysiology ofthe severe complications and organ injury in surviving patients. During the development of HS, innate immunity acts as the first line of defense, mediating a rapid response to pathogens or danger signals through pattern recognition receptors. The early and exaggerated activation of innate immunity, which is widespread in patients with HS, results in systemic inflammation, cytokine storm, and excessive activation of complement factors and innate immune cells, comprised of type II innate lymphoid cells, CD4+ T cells, natural killer cells, eosinophils, basophils, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. Recently, compelling evidence focusing on the innate immune regulation in preclinical and clinical studies promises new treatment avenues to reverse or minimize HS-induced tissue injury, organ dysfunction, and ultimately mortality. In this review, we first discuss the innate immune response involved in HS injury, and then systematically detail the cutting-edge therapeutic strategies in the past decade regarding the innate immune regulation in this field; these strategies include the use of mesenchymal stem cells, exosomes, genetic approaches, antibody therapy, small molecule inhibitors, natural medicine, mesenteric lymph drainage, vagus nerve stimulation, hormones, glycoproteins, and others. We also reviewed the available clinical studies on immune regulation for treating HS and assessed the potential of immune regulation concerning a translation from basic research to clinical practice. Combining therapeutic strategies with an improved understanding of how the innate immune system responds to HS could help to identify and develop targeted therapeutic modalities that mitigate severe organ dysfunction, improve patient outcomes, and reduce mortality due to HS injury.

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“…The number of CD4 + T lymphocytes was assessed using a FACSCalibur type flow cytometer and a tricolor fluorescent antibody labeling kit (BD, USA), as described by Yao et al (2017) and Zhang SG et al (2017). According to the reagent specification, each sample was processed in a TruCONT tube dedicated to flow cytometry.…”

Section: Detection Of Cd4 + T Lymphocytes By Flow Cytometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in peripheral blood inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-6) and intestinal flora in AIDS and HIV-positive individuals

Zhang

et al. 2019

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Objective: In this study, we investigated the changes in peripheral blood inflammatory factors and intestinal flora in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals (AIDS/HIV patients), and explored the relationships among intestinal flora, peripheral blood inflammatory factors, and CD4 + T lymphocytes. Methods: Thirty blood and stool samples from an AIDS group and a control group were collected. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the number of CD4 + T lymphocytes by a FACSCount automated instrument. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to determine the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Enterococcus faecium. Correlations among intestinal flora, inflammatory factor levels, and CD4 + T lymphocyte values were evaluated using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the AIDS group were higher than those in the control group, while the number of CD4 + T lymphocytes was lower. The amounts of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the AIDS group were significantly lower than those in control group, while the amounts of E. coli, E. faecalis, and E. faecium were much higher. The amounts of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were negatively correlated with the content of TNF-α and IL-6 and the CD4 + T lymphocyte count, while those correlations were reversed for E. coli, E. faecalis, and E. faecium. Conclusions: The intestinal microbiota of AIDS/HIV patients were disordered, and there was a correlation between the amount of intestinal flora and the number of CD4 + T lymphocytes and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6.

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Immune recovery after fluid resuscitation in rats with severe hemorrhagic shock

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Hydroxyethyl Starch Improves the Prognosis of Rats with Traumatic Shock via Activation of the ERK Signaling Pathway in Lymphocytes

Hydroxyethyl Starch Improves the Prognosis of Rats with Traumatic Shock via Activation of the ERK Signaling Pathway in Lymphocytes

Innate immunity and immunotherapy for hemorrhagic shock

Changes in peripheral blood inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-6) and intestinal flora in AIDS and HIV-positive individuals

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