Immune priming in shellfish: A review and an updating mechanistic insight focused on cellular and humoral responses

Yang, Wei; Tran, Ngoc Tuan; Zhu, Chunhua; Yao, Defu; Aweya, Jude Juventus; Gong, Yi; Ma, Hongyu; Zhang, Yueling; Li, Guangli; Li, Shengkang

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735831

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…Mollusks lack specific immune cells and related antibodies, thus their humoral immunity mainly depends on some nonspecific enzymes or factors in serum (Muta and Iwanaga, 1996;Yang et al, 2021). ACP and AKP are important components of lysosomal enzymes of mollusks, and play a role in their immune response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of High Salinity Stress on the Survival, Gill Tissue, Enzyme Activity and Free Amino Acid Content in Razor Clam Sinonovacula constricta

Cao

Chi

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Salinity can affect the physiological and productive characteristics of bivalves. The razor clam Sinonovacula constricta naturally distributing in intertidal zones and estuarine waters is extensively cultured in China. High-salinity is a serious threat to its culture, especially in pond culture model. Here, we investigated the effects of high-salinity on the survival, gill tissue, enzyme activity and free amino acid content of S. constricta. Individuals were randomly divided into six groups treated with different salinities of 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and 45 ppt. The median lethal salinity calculated by linear regression and probit analysis methods were similar, with 46.61, 43.17, 36.99, 35.99, and 34.99 ppt by linear regression, while 44.63, 42.87, 38.45, 37.32, and 36.17 ppt by probit analysis at 72, 96, 120, 144, and 168 h, respectively. Furthermore, paraffin section revealed that the gill of razor clam shrunk quickly under high-salinity and dissolved at 48 h under salinity of 40 ppt, but not under 30 ppt. In addition, the activities of three enzymes including Na+-K+-ATPase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase changed significantly under high-salinity. Besides, the contents of total free amino acids (TFAAs) in the gill tissues were 61.25 ± 1.58, 89.36 ± 4.18, and 111.98 ± 1.46 mg⋅g–1 at salinity of 20, 30, and 40 ppt, respectively, indicating increasing TFAA contents with salinity. Notably, several amino acid species including taurine, alanine, proline, glycine and glutamic showed significantly changed contents in response to salinity variation, suggesting these amino acids might play an important role in razor clam’s adaptation to salinity stress. Combining all these results, it was referred that razor clams may adapt to moderately high-salinity of 30 ppt in a short time through osmotic adjustment. Although a small proportion of individuals could survive under the salinity of 35 ppt, the death of most individuals still suggested it can hardly be accepted in aquacultural production. Notably, living under a salinity of 40 ppt for more than 48 h could cause great damage to razor clams. Therefore, the seawater salinity is recommended to be lower than 30 ppt for S. constricta aquaculture. Overall, this study provides guidance for the culture and breeding of high-salinity tolerant razor clams.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of High Salinity Stress on the Survival, Gill Tissue, Enzyme Activity and Free Amino Acid Content in Razor Clam Sinonovacula constricta

Cao

Chi

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Musthaq and Kwang examined in detail the prospects of vaccinations for WSD (Syed Musthaq et al 2009 ). A concept of pathogen-specific “immune priming” has been cited in recent studies and is considered to provide an optimized solution in vaccine efficacy against WSD (Yang et al 2021 ). It involves application of viral RNA/DNA, attenuated viruses, and recombinant viral proteins.…”

Section: Disease Mitigation Strategies Used For Shrimp Aquaculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Immunostimulants for shrimp aquaculture: paving pathway towards shrimp sustainability

Kumar¹,

Verma²,

Singh³

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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At present, food security is a matter of debate of global magnitude and fulfilling the feeding requirement of > 8 billion human populations by 2030 is one of the major concerns of the globe. Aquaculture plays a significant role to meet the global food requirement. Shrimp species such as Litopenaeus vannamei , Penaeus monodon , and Macrobrachium rosenbergii are among the most popular food commodities worldwide. As per Global Outlook for Aquaculture Leadership survey, disease outbreaks have been a matter of concern from the past many decades regarding the shrimp aquaculture production. Among the past disease outbreaks, white spot disease caused by the white spot syndrome virus is considered to be one of the most devastating ones that caused colossal losses to the shrimp industry. Since the virus is highly contagious, it spreads gregariously among the shrimp population; hence, practicing proper sanitization practices is crucial in order to have disease-free shrimps. Additionally, in order to control the disease, antibiotics were used that further leads to bioaccumulation and biomagnification of antibiotics in several food webs. The bioaccumulation of the toxic residues in the food webs further adversely affected human too. Recently, immunostimulants/antivirals were used as an alternative to antibiotics. They were found to enhance the immune system of shrimps in eco-friendly manner. In context to this, the present paper presents a critical review on the immunostimulants available from plants, animals, and chemicals against WSSV in shrimps. Looking into this scenario, maintaining proper sanitation procedures in conjunction with the employment of immunostimulants may be a viable approach for preserving shrimp aquaculture across the globe.

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“…Pathogeneses of many viral diseases are dominated by the pathological impairment of immune response resulting from the direct viral invasion and damaged tissues (Yang et al. 2021 ). Immune response is classified into specific and non-specific.…”

Section: Antiviral Mechanisms Of Traditional Chinese Medicinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress on antiviral constituents in traditional Chinese medicines and their mechanisms of action

Chen

2022

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context Viruses have the characteristics of rapid transmission and high mortality. At present, western medicines still lack an ideal antiviral. As natural products, many traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) have certain inhibitory effects on viruses, which has become the hotspot of medical research in recent years. Objective The antiviral active ingredients and mechanisms of TCM against viral diseases was studied in combination with the pathogenesis of viral diseases and antiviral effects. Materials and methods English and Chinese literature from 1999 to 2021 was collected from databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 (CP), and CNKI (Chinese). Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), active ingredients, antiviral, mechanism of action, and anti-inflammatory effect were used as the key words. Results The antiviral activity of TCM is clarified to put forward a strategy for discovering active compounds against viruses, and provide reference for screening antivirus drugs from TCM. TCM can not only directly kill viruses and inhibit the proliferation of viruses in cells, but also prevent viruses from infecting cells and causing cytophilia. It can also regulate the human immune system, enhance human immunity, and play an indirect antiviral role. Discussion and conclusion Based on the experimental study and antiviral mechanism of TCM, this paper can provide analytical evidence that supports the effectiveness of TCM in treating virus infections, as well as their mechanisms against viruses. It could be helpful to provide reference for the research and development of innovative TCMs with multiple components, multiple targets and low toxicity.

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Immune priming in shellfish: A review and an updating mechanistic insight focused on cellular and humoral responses

Cited by 27 publications

References 145 publications

Effects of High Salinity Stress on the Survival, Gill Tissue, Enzyme Activity and Free Amino Acid Content in Razor Clam Sinonovacula constricta

Effects of High Salinity Stress on the Survival, Gill Tissue, Enzyme Activity and Free Amino Acid Content in Razor Clam Sinonovacula constricta

Immunostimulants for shrimp aquaculture: paving pathway towards shrimp sustainability

Research progress on antiviral constituents in traditional Chinese medicines and their mechanisms of action

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