Immune‐mediated keratitis in horses: 19 cases (1998–2004)

Self Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine immune‐mediated keratopathies

Matthews

Gilger

2009

Self Cite

“…MHC1b expression restricts transendothelial migration of NK cells, and also suppresses local CD4+ T‐cell proliferation and diverts the immune response from a Th1 to a Th2 pathway 80 . In the horse, equivalent mechanisms may be partly responsible for the rapid recovery of normal function in corticosteroid treated cases of endothelial inflammatory disease 1,2 …”

Section: Corneal Ipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of the pathologies encountered, for example, ulceration and neoplastic disease, are relatively well‐documented if not particularly well‐understood, and largely successful treatment protocols are in the clinical domain. However there remains a heterogeneous group of sporadic, nonulcerative inflammatory corneal diseases, generically described as ‘nonulcerative keratides (NUKs)’ or immune‐mediated keratitis (IMMK), whose etiogenesis and pathobiology are both poorly documented and poorly understood 1–3 . At an anatomic level, gross inflammatory changes can be seen to involve all of the corneal layers, individually or collectively, and crucially, overt anterior uveitis is absent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of recent developments in corneal immunobiology: potential relevance in the etiogenesis of corneal disease in the horse

Matthews¹

2008

This paper overviews some recent developments in mammalian corneal immunobiology, and discusses how these may act as pointers towards understanding the immunology underlying some common corneal diseases in the horse, including infectious ulceration and presumptively immune-mediated non-ulcerative disease. Specifically, three aspects of corneal immunobiology are examined: the role of Toll-like receptors in surface immunity and in the etiogenesis of microbial ulceration, the relationship between conjunctiva associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) and immunoprotection of the corneal surface, and the mechanisms determining corneal immune privilege (IP) and how down regulation of IP may be an important factor in the genesis of corneal immunoinflammatory disease.

“…Corneal disease is one of the most common ocular conditions affecting horses and is frequently vision‐threatening and difficult to treat 1–4 . Horses are thought to be predisposed to corneal disease for a variety of reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing a reproducible method for the culture of primary equine corneal cells

Mathes

Dietrich

Krunkosky

et al. 2009

Objective To establish a reproducible method for the culture of primary equine corneal epithelial cells, keratocytes, and endothelial cells and to describe each cell's morphologic characteristics, immunocytochemical staining properties and conditions required for cryopreservation. Procedures Corneas from eight horses recently euthanized for reasons unrelated to this study were collected aseptically and enzymatically separated into three individual layers for cell isolation. The cells were plated, grown in culture, and continued for several passages. Each cell type was characterized by morphology and immunocytochemical staining. Results All three equine corneal cell types were successfully grown in culture. Cultured corneal endothelial cells were large, hexagonal cells with a moderate growth rate. Keratocytes were small, spindloid cells that grew rapidly. Epithelial cells had heterogenous morphology and grew slowly. The endothelial cells and keratocytes stained positive for vimentin and were morphologically distinguishable from one another. The epithelial cells stained positive for cytokeratin. Keratocytes and endothelial cells were able to be cryopreserved and recovered. The cryopreserved cells maintained their morphological and immunocytochemical features after cryopreservation and recovery. Discussion This work establishes reproducible methods for isolation and culture of equine corneal keratocytes and endothelial cells. Cell morphology and cytoskeletal element expression for equine corneal epithelial cells, keratocytes, and endothelial cells are also described. This has not previously been reported for equine corneal cells. This report also demonstrates the ability to preserve equine keratocytes and endothelial cells for extended periods of time and utilize them long after the primarycell collection, a feature that has not been reported for veterinary corneal cell culture.