Immune-Mediated Diseases Associated With Cancer Risks

Abstract

Key Points Question What are the profiles of cancer risk associated with immune-mediated diseases? Findings In this cohort study of 478 753 participants, immune-mediated diseases were associated with an increased risk of total cancer. Organ-specific immune-mediated diseases had stronger associations with risk of local cancers than extralocal cancers, and many immune-mediated diseases were associated with increased risk of cancer in the involved organs and in the near and distant organs or different systems. Meaning The findings suggest that immune-mediated diseases are associated with risk of cancer at the local and systemic levels, supporting the role of local and systemic immunoregulation in carcinogenesis.

Plasma proteomic analysis reveals altered protein abundances in HIV‐infected patients with or without non‐Hodgkin lymphoma

“…In addition, a number of studies have demonstrated that SLE is associated with an increased incidence of malignancies, particularly NHL, with an estimated four-to sevenfold increased risk of NHL in patients with SLE than in the general population. 25,26 These results indicated that the alterations in these proteins represented a major biological feature of the blood environment of AIDS-NHL. We found that, among the top 10 high-degree core DEPs identified from the PPI network, half of the proteins were involved in the complement and coagulation cascade pathway, which included the CFH, C1QA, C1QC, C1QB, and CFHR1 proteins.…”

Beneficial autoimmunity and maladaptive inflammation shape epidemiological links between cancer and immune-inflammatory diseases

“…Evermore accurate and expanding archiving of clinical and biological patient data greatly facilitates the discovery of novel epidemiological associations among different diseases. A recent study published in JAMA Oncology 1 exploits a large dataset involving 478 753 participants to investigate the relationship between cancers and “immune-mediated diseases”, which is a heterogeneous collection of pathological conditions. Such diseases may be either organ-specific or systemic, involve a mostly inflammatory process without the recognition of specific autoantigens (as this may apply to Crohn’s disease, psoriasis, sarcoidosis and ulcerative colitis), an overreaction to exogenous allergens (as this is the case in allergic rhinitis, asthma and celiac disease) or the unwarranted recognition of specific autoantigens with a variable contribution of autoreactive T lymphocytes and autoantibodies.…”

“…However, the study in JAMA Oncology has sufficient power to unveil more subtle associations between specific immunologically relevant diseases and distinct categories of malignancy that can be either positive or negative. 1 …”

“… 18 , 19 Rheumatoid arthritis is linked to significantly reduced incidence of breast, colorectal and prostate cancer. 1 , 20 Breast cancer is also significantly less frequent in patients with psoriatic or enteropathic arthropathies ( Figure 1b ). 1 The mechanisms of these effects have not been elucidated but may involve improved immunosurveillance due to the increase in the general immune tonus.…”

“… 1 , 20 Breast cancer is also significantly less frequent in patients with psoriatic or enteropathic arthropathies ( Figure 1b ). 1 The mechanisms of these effects have not been elucidated but may involve improved immunosurveillance due to the increase in the general immune tonus. Indeed, the presence of a broad repertoire of autoantibody specificities (≥3) is related to a particularly strong reduction (by close to 60%) in breast cancer incidence.…”