Abstract:Vaccine associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD) has been described in pigs vaccinated with whole-inactivated influenza virus (WIV) following infection with heterologous influenza A virus (IAV). WIV vaccination elicits production of cross-reactive, non-neutralizing antibody to the challenge IAV strain suggesting circulating immune complexes and/or antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity could contribute to pathology. Moreover, pathological findings in VAERD lungs include significant lymphocytic in… Show more
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