Immune gene profiles in Atlantic salmon (salmo salar L.) post-smolts infected with SAV3 by bath-challenge show a delayed response and lower levels of gene transcription compared to injected fish

Moore, Lindsey; Jarungsriapisit, Jiraporn; Nilsen, Tom Ole; Stefansson, Sigurd O.; Taranger, Geir Lasse; Secombes, Chris J.; Morton, H. Craig; Patel, Sonal

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2017.01.034

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(76 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the following sections, the results for control fish are presented first, facilitating a comparison of the results from the infected fish. These results build on the knowledge gathered from previously published data on the susceptibility of these groups of fish to SAV3 at these time‐points after seawater transfer and on their immune responses (Jarungsriapisit, Moore, Taranger, et al., ; Moore, Jarungsriapisit, et al., ; Moore et al., ) by examining the types of immune cells present in the target tissues for this SAV3 infection.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Innate immune gene transcription including interferon, viperin, TLR7, TLR8a1, MyD88 and IRF7 has been reported to be downregulated in recently transferred smolts compared with smolts adapted to seawater for a longer period (Moore et al., ). In addition, the immune response in these recently transferred smolts was both reduced and transient compared with salmon adapted to seawater for a longer time (Moore, Jarungsriapisit, et al., ; Moore et al., ). This, to some extent, may explain why Atlantic salmon at 2 wpt are more susceptible to SAV3 infection than post‐smolts at 9 wpt (Jarungsriapisit, Moore, Taranger, et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Innate and adaptive immune systems play an important and interdependent role in antiviral defence mechanisms. Several important immune response cascades are activated at a both transcriptional and translational level (Braceland et al., ; Graham, Rowley, & Frost, ; Grove et al., ; Herath et al., ; Moore, Jarungsriapisit, et al., ). Cells such as neutrophils/granulocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, B and T cells respond to pathogen invasion and are important during the initial response and further activation of the adaptive immune system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Time after seawater transfer influences immune cell abundance and responses to SAV3 infection in Atlantic salmon

Jarungsriapisit

Moore

Fiksdal

et al. 2018

Journal of Fish Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pancreas disease (PD) caused by salmonid alphavirus (SAV) severely affects salmonid aquaculture during the seawater phase. To characterize immune cells in target tissues for SAV infection, heart, pancreas and pyloric caeca were analysed from two groups of fish adapted to seawater for 2 and 9 weeks. The sections were scored for the relative abundance of cells expressing MHC class II, IgM, CD3, CD8 or neutrophil/granulocyte markers using immuno-histochemical techniques. In general, necrosis of tissue was more severe in fish infected at 2 weeks post-seawater transfer (wpt) compared with those infected at 9 wpt. At 9 wpt, there were higher numbers of MHC II cells in heart, pancreas and pyloric caeca, IgM cells in heart and pancreas, and CD3 cells in pancreas compared to those infected at 2 wpt. The majority of the immune cells infiltrating PD-affected tissues were MHC II and CD3 cells suggesting that antigen-presenting cells and T lymphocytes are the main types of immune cells responding to SAV infection. All the investigated cell types were also observed in pyloric caeca of infected fish, suggesting that this tissue may play a role in the immune response to SAV.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Time after seawater transfer influences immune cell abundance and responses to SAV3 infection in Atlantic salmon

Jarungsriapisit

Moore

Fiksdal

et al. 2018

Journal of Fish Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Transcript levels of IL-18, IL-10, RIG-1, SOCS1 and STAT1 genes, were also evaluated in this study to supplement our previous studies describing transcript abundance of other genes involved in the inflammatory response [23,19]. The mRNA level of pro-inflammatory fish cytokine IL-18 was down-regulated in all groups in Phase A compared to the calibrator fish taken before the experiment started.…”

Section: Inflammatory Responsementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Total RNA from head kidney tissue samples described in this study were previously used to study innate immune gene responses [23,19]. Briefly, head kidney tissue samples were collected from fish in each treatment group and frozen in liquid nitrogen at 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post-infection (dpi).…”

Section: Experimental Design Tissue Collection and Rna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atlantic salmon post-smolts adapted for a longer time to seawater develop an effective humoral and cellular immune response against Salmonid alphavirus

Nuñez-Ortiz

Moore

Jarungsriapisit

et al. 2018

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Salmonid alphavirus (SAV) causes pancreas disease (PD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) and disease outbreaks are mainly detected after seawater transfer. The influence of the smoltification process on the immune responses, specifically the adaptive response of Atlantic salmon after SAV infection, is not fully understood. In this study, Atlantic salmon post-smolts were infected by either bath immersion (BI) or intramuscular injection (IM) with SAV subtype 3, 2 weeks (Phase A) or 9 weeks (Phase B) after seawater transfer. The transcript levels of genes related to cellular, humoral and inflammatory responses were evaluated on head kidney samples collected at 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post-infection (dpi). Corresponding negative control groups (CT) were established accordingly. Significant differences were found between both phases and between the IM and BI groups. The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was up-regulated in Phase A at a higher level than in Phase B. High mRNA levels of the genes RIG-1, SOCS1 and STAT1 were observed in all groups except the BI-B group (BI-Phase B). Moreover, the IM-B group showed a higher regulation of genes related to cellular responses, such as CD40, MHCII, and IL-15, that indicated the activation of a strong cell-mediated immune response. CD40 mRNA levels were elevated one week earlier in the BI-B group than in the BI-A group (BI-Phase A). A significant up-regulation of IgM and IgT genes was seen in both IM groups, but the presence of neutralizing antibodies to SAV was detected only in Phase B fish at 21 and 28 dpi. In addition, we found differences in the basal levels of some of the analysed genes between non-infected control groups of both phases. Findings suggest that Atlantic salmon post-smolts adapted for a longer time to seawater before they come into contact with SAV, developed a stronger humoral and cell-mediated immune response during a SAV infection.

show abstract

Transchem project – Part II: Transgenerational effects of long-term exposure to pendimethalin at environmental concentrations on the early development and viral pathogen susceptibility of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Immune gene profiles in Atlantic salmon (salmo salar L.) post-smolts infected with SAV3 by bath-challenge show a delayed response and lower levels of gene transcription compared to injected fish

Abstract: Immune gene profiles in Atlantic salmon (salmo salar L.) post-smolts infected with SAV3 by bath-challenge show a delayed response and lower levels of gene transcription compared to injected fish.

Cited by 15 publications

References 56 publications

Time after seawater transfer influences immune cell abundance and responses to SAV3 infection in Atlantic salmon

Time after seawater transfer influences immune cell abundance and responses to SAV3 infection in Atlantic salmon

Atlantic salmon post-smolts adapted for a longer time to seawater develop an effective humoral and cellular immune response against Salmonid alphavirus

Transchem project – Part II: Transgenerational effects of long-term exposure to pendimethalin at environmental concentrations on the early development and viral pathogen susceptibility of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About