Immune Function and Vaccine Responses in Healthy Advanced Elderly Patients

Carson, Paul J.; Nichol, Kristin L.; O'Brien, James; Hilo, Pierre; Janoff, Edward N.

doi:10.1001/archinte.160.13.2017

Cited by 65 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…No significant difference has been identified between immune responses of healthy elderly people and young people after vaccination against tetanus, diphtheria, and pneumococcal disease. 26 Age-related changes in immune function in horses have been described and may manifest in vivo as a decrease in responsiveness to vaccination or in vitro as diminished proliferative responses to mitogens. 18 Aging in horses has been associated with a decrease in the immune response to vaccination against influenza.…”

Section: Conclusion and Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Duration of serum antibody response to rabies vaccination in horses

Harvey¹,

Watson²,

Brault³

et al. 2016

javma

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OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of age and inferred prior vaccination history on the persistence of vaccine-induced antibody against rabies in horses. DESIGN Serologic response evaluation.ANIMALS 48 horses with an undocumented vaccination history. PROCEDURESHorses were vaccinated against rabies once. Blood samples were collected prior to vaccination, 3 to 7 weeks after vaccination, and at 6-month intervals for 2 to 3 years. Serum rabies virus-neutralizing antibody (RVNA) values were measured. An RVNA value of ≥ 0.5 U/mL was used to define a predicted protective immune response on the basis of World Health Organization recommendations for humans. Values were compared between horses < 20 and ≥ 20 years of age and between horses inferred to have been previously vaccinated and those inferred to be immunologically naïve. RESULTSA protective RVNA value (≥ 0.5 U/mL) was maintained for 2 to 3 years in horses inferred to have been previously vaccinated on the basis of prevaccination RVNA values. No significant difference was evident in response to rabies vaccination or duration of protective RVNA values between horses < 20 and ≥ 20 years of age. Seven horses were poor responders to vaccination. Significant differences were identified between horses inferred to have been previously vaccinated and horses inferred to be naïve prior to the study. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCEA rabies vaccination interval > 1 year may be appropriate for previously vaccinated horses but not for horses vaccinated only once. Additional research is required to confirm this finding and characterize the optimal primary dose series for rabies vaccination. (J Am Vet Med Asssoc 2016;249:xxx-xxx) revaccination is currently recommended by vaccine manufacturers and in the vaccination guidelines of the AAEP. 3 Research in several animal species indicates that the primary correlate of protection against rabies is the presence of neutralizing antibody in serum. 4 The humoral immune response to rabies vaccination can be evaluated with the RFFIT or fluorescent antibody virus neutralization test, both of which are used for in vitro measurement of RVNA concentration in serum samples. The RFFIT is currently the gold standard and reference technique for most laboratories. [5][6][7] An RVNA titer of ≥ 0.5 U/mL is globally recognized as the threshold of seroconversion for humans. 7 Values reported in this manner (U/mL) are titers expressed as standard units. This value of 0.5 U/mL, when obtained via RFFIT or fluorescent antibody virus neutralization, is also recognized by regulatory authorities in most rabies-free areas as proof of adequate response to vaccination for importation of cats and dogs. 5 No general consensus currently exists regarding the RVNA titer needed to confer protection

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Section: Conclusion and Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Duration of serum antibody response to rabies vaccination in horses

Harvey¹,

Watson²,

Brault³

et al. 2016

javma

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“…Only serotypes 12F and 15B had a median titer increase from titer 3 to titer 4 which reached the threshold for seroreactivity. Finally, our data were compared to the healthy historical controls in the study by Carson et al [3], revealing significantly different mean serotype responses to PPSV23 to all 5 compared serotypes (p<.0001), as shown in the Table 1. All five serotypes (4, 8, 12F, 14, 19F) in the control data achieved the definition of seroreactivity, but only serotype 12F (as well as 15B) were seroreactive in our study population.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In addition, written informed consent for participation in this study was obtained from all subjects. Historic control data regarding the immunologic response to PPSV23 in healthy elderly persons was extracted from a study by Carson et al [3]. This study was designed to analyze the differential immunological response of young and healthy persons to PPSV23.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One sample equivalence-test was used to compare antibody titers of AHCT recipients 4-6 weeks post-vaccination to historical healthy controls. Assessment of differences between the data by Carson et al [3] and our study's titers 3 and 4 were run using one sample t-tests with derived target null values. Results were not adjusted for multiple comparisons.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serologic Investigation of Pneumococcal Immunization of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Recipients

Mossad¹

2014

Clin Microbiol

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Our goal was to prospectively assess the immunological response to the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) in autologous cell transplantation (AHCT) recipients using pneumococcal IgG (PNEIGG) titers. PNEIGG titers were collected prior to transplant (titer 1), 3-7 days following AHCT (titer 2), 1 year later at the time of vaccination (titer 3), and at 4-6 wks after vaccination (titer 4) for each of the 23 serotypes included in PPSV23. Seroreactivity was defined as a ≥4-fold increase in titer or a titer of >1.3 µg/mL following vaccination. Only 2 of 10 AHCT recipients with data through titer 4 were seroreactive in the majority of the 23 pneumococcal serotypes following PPSV23 which were not prior to vaccination. Median titer concentration increase reached the threshold for seroreactivity only for serotypes 12F and 15B. Antibody response of the 5 serotypes analyzed (4,8,12F,14,19F) was significantly lower in the AHCT population compared to healthy historical controls. There appears to be minimal immunogenicity as measured by PNEIGG titers to PPSV23 one year following AHCT.

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“…While not tested directly, this is corroborated by prior studies (54,55). Unfortunately, in a prospective follow-up study, thymidine incorporation could not provide an accurate assessment of the overall status of cellular immunity in cancer (56), even though T cell response to T cell mitogens and TCR stimulation is often used as a measure of immune competence in young vs. aged individuals (57). Perhaps, decreased thymidine incorporation, taken together with higher levels of Th2 cytokines observed in cancer patients, could together predict immune responsiveness.…”

Section: B ----------------------------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of PBMC obtained from leukapheresis products and tumor biopsies of patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Yannelli

Tucker²,

Hidalgo³

et al. 2009

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. The current study characterized peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from leukapheresis products of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for cytokine release, the ability to incorporate tritiated thymidine following stimulation using PHA as well as the levels of both CD4 and CD8 regulatory T cells (Tregs) as defined by FoxP3 expression. Results were compared to normal donor PBMC obtained from buffy coat products.

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Immune Function and Vaccine Responses in Healthy Advanced Elderly Patients

Abstract: Successful aging, defined by reaching an advanced age with one's overall health intact, may be associated with preserved immune function and adequate responses to vaccines.

Cited by 65 publications

References 68 publications

Duration of serum antibody response to rabies vaccination in horses

Duration of serum antibody response to rabies vaccination in horses

Serologic Investigation of Pneumococcal Immunization of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Recipients

Characteristics of PBMC obtained from leukapheresis products and tumor biopsies of patients with non-small cell lung cancer

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