Immune, Endocrine, and Psychological Responses in Civilians Displaced by War

Sabioncello, Ante; Kocijan-Hercigonja, Dubravka; Rabatić, Sabina; Tomašić, Jelka; Jeren, Tatjana; Matijević, Ljubica; Rijavec, Majda; Dekaris, Dragan

doi:10.1097/00006842-200007000-00008

Cited by 42 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Tucker et al (2004) found higher levels of IL-1 and lower levels of IL2-receptor in PTSD subjects compared to traumatized controls, although a potential limitation of this study was that they included several PTSD subjects with inflammatory conditions warranting anti-inflammatory drugs and did not take this into account in the subsequent analyses. Sabioncello and colleagues found that women who were displaced from their home after war displayed several signs of peripheral immune activation compared to controls, although psychiatric symptoms were recorded only by Self Report and no formal PTSD diagnosis was made (Sabioncello et al, 2000).…”

Section: General Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proinflammatory milieu in combat-related PTSD is independent of depression and early life stress

Lindqvist

Wolkowitz

Mellon

et al. 2014

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

187

128

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Section: General Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proinflammatory milieu in combat-related PTSD is independent of depression and early life stress

Lindqvist

Wolkowitz

Mellon

et al. 2014

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

187

128

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“…Indeed, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) was found enhanced in women with PTSD due to childhood sexual or physical abuse [8] . ) cell subpopulations in women with PTSD due to war displacement have been reported [9] . Lymphocytes expressing the late (CD71 + ) but not the early (CD25 + ) activation marker were also elevated in displaced women.…”

Section: Increased Cell-mediated Immunity and Activation Phenotypementioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between Neuroimmunoendocrine Systems during Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Minireview

Bauer

Wieck²,

Lopes³

et al. 2010

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Early life stress has been suggested to mediate vulnerability to affective disorders. Traumatic events experienced in childhood such as sexual abuse and/or physical neglect may lead to psychiatric diseases in adult life, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous studies have focused on adult traumatic events and very little is known regarding the long-term physiological effects of early life stress. Here, we review the complex interplay between most important cognitive, neuroendocrine and immunological changes reported in PTSD, focusing on long-term implications of childhood maltreatment. PTSD has been associated with significant biological changes related to impaired cognitive functions, attenuated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function (hypocortisolism) and activation of innate immune responses (low-grade inflammation).

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“…Increased counts of activated T (CD2+HLA-DR+), NK (CD16+CD71+) and B (CD20+CD23+) cell subpopulations in women with PTSD due to war displacement have also been reported [36]. Lymphocytes expressing the late (CD71+) but not the early (CD25+) activation marker were also elevated in displaced women.…”

Section: Immune Imbalance: Evidence For Low-grade Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Several alterations in the number, activity and preferential cellular expansions have been reported. In general, PTSD is associated with enhanced cellular immune responses [33], a higher number of total lymphocytes [34], an increased number and activity of NK cells [35], and activated T lymphocytes [35,36]. Also, an altered balance between Th1/Th2 immune responses seems to be shifted towards the Th1 profile.…”

Section: Immune Imbalance: Evidence For Low-grade Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimmunoendocrine Interactions in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Focus on Long-Term Implications of Childhood Maltreatment

Wieck¹,

Grassi‐Oliveira²,

Prado³

et al. 2014

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Childhood maltreatment has been linked to enhanced vulnerability to psychiatric pathologies in adult life, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous works have reported cogent neuroendocrine and immune changes related to adult traumatic events (war survivors, refugees, etc.), but little information is known regarding the impact of early-life stress (ELS) in adult physiology. Here, we review the neuroendocrine and immunological changes commonly observed in PTSD, focusing on the long-term implications of ELS. Childhood maltreatment may lead to altered glucocorticoid (GC) secretion, resulting in hypo- or hypercortisolemia, and reciprocal changes in peripheral leukocyte sensitivity to GC. It is believed that these neuroendocrine changes are correlated with the immune imbalance phenomenon (low-grade inflammation), characterized by increased plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and C-reactive protein. Changes in peripheral lymphocyte subsets are also documented, such as a reduction in regulatory T cells and an expansion of activated T cells. The excess of circulating cytokines may thus interfere with key brain neurotransmitter pathways involved in depression and enhanced risk to cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Recent gene-environment and epigenetic findings have indicated potential molecular mechanisms linking ELS, neuroendocrine and immunity in PTSD.

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Immune, Endocrine, and Psychological Responses in Civilians Displaced by War

Abstract: Chronic psychological stress elicited multiple, predominantly stimulatory influences on immune functions.

Cited by 42 publications

References 29 publications

Proinflammatory milieu in combat-related PTSD is independent of depression and early life stress

Proinflammatory milieu in combat-related PTSD is independent of depression and early life stress

Interplay between Neuroimmunoendocrine Systems during Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Minireview

Neuroimmunoendocrine Interactions in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Focus on Long-Term Implications of Childhood Maltreatment

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