Immune development in jejunal mucosa after colonization with selected commensal gut bacteria: A study in germ-free pigs

Haverson, Karin; Rehakova, Zuzana; Sinkora, J; Šver, Lidija; Bailey, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.05.022

Cited by 62 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…One way in which microbiota can influence host health is by modulating host immunity. Studies in germ-free animals have demonstrated that the gut microbiome is essential for immune cell recruitment and differentiation [137]. Further investigations have revealed more specific roles for some bacterial species in mediating host immunity and immunologic diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of diet on the gut microbiome and implications for human health

et al. 2017

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Recent studies have suggested that the intestinal microbiome plays an important role in modulating risk of several chronic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. At the same time, it is now understood that diet plays a significant role in shaping the microbiome, with experiments showing that dietary alterations can induce large, temporary microbial shifts within 24 h. Given this association, there may be significant therapeutic utility in altering microbial composition through diet. This review systematically evaluates current data regarding the effects of several common dietary components on intestinal microbiota. We show that consumption of particular types of food produces predictable shifts in existing host bacterial genera. Furthermore, the identity of these bacteria affects host immune and metabolic parameters, with broad implications for human health. Familiarity with these associations will be of tremendous use to the practitioner as well as the patient.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of diet on the gut microbiome and implications for human health

et al. 2017

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“…Similar to our study, colonization of benign commensal E. coli (G58-1) alone in Gn piglets significantly enhanced serum total immunoglobulin levels (54). In another study, mono-association of piglets with E.coli O83 resulted in increased frequency of dendritic cells and T cells in the small intestinal lamina propria (55). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of G− bacteria are a well-known B cell mitogen (56) and LPS also induces B cell maturation via the TLR4 signaling pathway (57).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Effects of Escherichia coli Nissle and Lactobacillus rhamnosus Strain GG on Human Rotavirus Binding, Infection, and B Cell Immunity

Kandasamy¹,

Vlasova²,

Fischer³

et al. 2016

The Journal of Immunology

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Rotavirus (RV) causes significant morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in modulating host-pathogen interactions, but little is known about the impact of commonly used probiotics on human RV (HRV) infection. In this study, we compared the immunomodulatory effects of Gram-positive [Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG (LGG)] and Gram-negative [Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN)] probiotic bacteria on virulent human rotavirus (VirHRV) infection and immunity using neonatal gnotobiotic (Gn) piglets. Gn piglets were colonized with EcN, LGG, EcN+LGG or uncolonized and challenged with VirHRV. Mean peak virus shedding titers and mean cumulative fecal scores were significantly lower in EcN-colonized compared to LGG-colonized or uncolonized piglets. Reduced viral shedding titers were correlated with significantly reduced small intestinal HRV IgA antibody responses in EcN-colonized compared to uncolonized piglets post-VirHRV challenge. However the total IgA levels post-VirHRV challenge in the intestine and pre-VirHRV challenge in serum were significantly higher in EcN-colonized than in LGG-colonized piglets. In vitro treatment of mononuclear cells (MNCs) with these probiotics demonstrated that EcN, but not LGG, induced IL-6, IL-10, and IgA, with the latter partially dependent on IL-10. However, addition of exogenous recombinant porcine IL-10 + IL-6 to MNCs co-cultured with LGG significantly enhanced IgA responses. The greater effectiveness of EcN in moderating HRV infection, may also be explained by the binding of EcN, but not LGG to Wa HRV particles or HRV 2/4/6 virus-like particles (VLP) but not 2/6 VLP. Results suggest that EcN and LGG differentially modulate RV infection and B cell responses.

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“…A reduced number of intestinal but not systemic DCs was observed in GF animals and the monocolonization of GF animals with Escherichia coli was sufficient to recruit DCs to the intestines. 22,23 Moreover, microbe-derived ATP has recently been shown to stimulate a subset of DCs that express CD70 and CX3CR1 on their surface, which then induce the differentiation of Th17 cells. 24 Intestinal macrophages represent the largest population of tissue macrophages in the body.…”

Section: Gut Microbiota and Immune Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of gut microbiota in immune homeostasis and autoimmunity

2012

Gut Microbes

1,013

645

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Keeping a delicate balance in the immune system by eliminating invading pathogens, while still maintaining self-tolerance to avoid autoimmunity, is critical for the body's health. The gut microbiota that resides in the gastrointestinal tract provides essential health benefits to its host, particularly by regulating immune homeostasis. Moreover, it has recently become obvious that alterations of these gut microbial communities can cause immune dysregulation, leading to autoimmune disorders. Here we review the advances in our understanding of how the gut microbiota regulates innate and adaptive immune homeostasis, which in turn can affect the development of not only intestinal but also systemic autoimmune diseases. Exploring the interaction of gut microbes and the host immune system will not only allow us to understand the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases but will also provide us new foundations for the design of novel immuno-or microbebased therapies.

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Immune development in jejunal mucosa after colonization with selected commensal gut bacteria: A study in germ-free pigs

Cited by 62 publications

References 56 publications

Influence of diet on the gut microbiome and implications for human health

Influence of diet on the gut microbiome and implications for human health

Differential Effects of Escherichia coli Nissle and Lactobacillus rhamnosus Strain GG on Human Rotavirus Binding, Infection, and B Cell Immunity

The role of gut microbiota in immune homeostasis and autoimmunity

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