Immune competence in insect eggs depends on the extraembryonic serosa

Jacobs, Chris G.C.; Zee, Maurijn van der

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2013.05.017

Cited by 40 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These data corroborate our previous qPCR study showing that AMP and PGRP upregulation upon infection is abolished in serosa-less eggs (Jacobs and van der Zee, 2013). To see if we could also independently confirm serosa-dependent induction of some of our newly identified candidates, we performed qPCR on the transmembrane recognition protein of the IMD pathway PGRP-LC , the serine proteases cS-P8 , SPH-H57 , SPH-H70 , the serine protease inhibitors serpin24 and serpin26 , the Toll receptor toll3 and the novel potential AMPs TC004646 , TC007763 , TC007857 , TC008806 , and TC015479 (Figure 5).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Except for Cecropin (Tingvall et al, 2001), stage 11 embryos do not show any induction of antimicrobial peptides and cannot contain an infection of non-pathogenic bacteria, leading to reduced survival (Tan et al, 2014). In strong contrast, we have shown that the eggs of Tribolium which were not even half way during development could upregulate several AMPs to levels comparable to the adult (Jacobs and van der Zee, 2013). This upregulation depends on the serosa, an extraembryonic epithelium that envelopes yolk and embryo (Jacobs and van der Zee, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…In strong contrast, we have shown that the eggs of Tribolium which were not even half way during development could upregulate several AMPs to levels comparable to the adult (Jacobs and van der Zee, 2013). This upregulation depends on the serosa, an extraembryonic epithelium that envelopes yolk and embryo (Jacobs and van der Zee, 2013). This membrane is present in all insects but was lost in a small group of higher Diptera (the Schizophora) to which Drosophila belongs (Schmidt-Ott, 2000; Rafiqi et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Stock keeping and Tc-zen1 RNAi were performed as described in van der Zee et al (2005). The control dsRNA was synthesized from a 500-bp vector sequence cloned from the pCRII vector (Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA) using the primers 5′-TGCCGGATCAAGAGCTACCAA-3′ and 5′-TGTGAGCAAAAGGCCAGCAA-3′ and has no targets in the Tribolium castaneum genome (See also Jacobs et al, 2013; Jacobs and van der Zee, 2013). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infection experiments were performed as described in Jacobs and van der Zee (2013). 24- to 40-hr old eggs (total developmental time is close to 85 hr) were pricked with a sterile tungsten needle or with a tungsten needle dipped in a concentrated mix of E. coli and M. luteus cultures (bacteria provided by D Ferrandon, Strasbourg) or were not pricked at all.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The extraembryonic serosa is a frontier epithelium providing the insect egg with a full-range innate immune response

Jacobs

Spaink

Zee

2014

eLife

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Drosophila larvae and adults possess a potent innate immune response, but the response of Drosophila eggs is poor. In contrast to Drosophila, eggs of the beetle Tribolium are protected by a serosa, an extraembryonic epithelium that is present in all insects except higher flies. In this study, we test a possible immune function of this frontier epithelium using Tc-zen1 RNAi-mediated deletion. First, we show that bacteria propagate twice as fast in serosa-less eggs. Then, we compare the complete transcriptomes of wild-type, control RNAi, and Tc-zen1 RNAi eggs before and after sterile or septic injury. Infection induces genes involved in Toll and IMD-signaling, melanisation, production of reactive oxygen species and antimicrobial peptides in wild-type eggs but not in serosa-less eggs. Finally, we demonstrate constitutive and induced immune gene expression in the serosal epithelium using in situ hybridization. We conclude that the serosa provides insect eggs with a full-range innate immune response.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The extraembryonic serosa is a frontier epithelium providing the insect egg with a full-range innate immune response

Jacobs

Spaink

Zee

2014

eLife

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Rhodnius prolixus: From classical physiology to modern developmental biology

Fonseca

Berni

Tobias-Santos

et al. 2017

Genesis

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The hemiptera Rhodnius prolixus is a blood-feeding insect and a primary vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of the Chagas disease. Over the past century, Rhodnius has been the subject of intense investigations, which have contributed to unveil important aspects of metabolism and physiology in insects. Recent technological innovations are helping dissect the genetic and molecular underpinnings of Rhodnius embryogenesis and organogenesis, thus fostering the use of this important species in the fields of developmental and evolutionary biology. Rhodnius represents also an excellent system to study development under stressful conditions, since the embryo must develop in the presence of a large amount of blood-derived reactive oxygen species. With a recently sequenced genome, small among other Hemiptera, and the identification of basic elements for all classical development pathways, functional studies in this species are revealing novel aspects of insect development and evolution. Here we review early studies on this model insect and how this paved the way for recent functional studies using the kissing bug.

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Morphogenetic functions of extraembryonic membranes in insects

Schmidt‐Ott

Kwan

2016

Current Opinion in Insect Science

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Morphogenetic functions of the amnioserosa, the serosa, the amnion, and the yolk sac are reviewed on the basis of recent studies in flies (Drosophila, Megaselia), beetles (Tribolium), and hemipteran bugs (Oncopeltus). Three hypotheses are presented. First, it is suggested that the amnioserosa of Drosophila and the dorsal amnion of other fly species function in a similar manner. Second, it is proposed that in many species with an amniotic cavity, the amnion determines the site of serosa rupture, which, through interactions between the serosa and the amnion, enables the embryo to break free from the amniotic cavity and to close its backside. Finally, it is concluded that the yolk sac is likely an important player in insect morphogenesis.

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Immune competence in insect eggs depends on the extraembryonic serosa

Cited by 40 publications

References 28 publications

The extraembryonic serosa is a frontier epithelium providing the insect egg with a full-range innate immune response

The extraembryonic serosa is a frontier epithelium providing the insect egg with a full-range innate immune response

Rhodnius prolixus: From classical physiology to modern developmental biology

Morphogenetic functions of extraembryonic membranes in insects

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