2019
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00846
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Immune Checkpoint Molecules in Reproductive Immunology

Abstract: Immune checkpoint molecules, like CTLA-4, TIM-3, PD-1, are negative regulators of immune responses to avoid immune injury. Checkpoint regulators are thought to actively participate in the immune defense of infections, prevention of autoimmunity, transplantation, and tumor immune evasion. Maternal-fetal immunotolerance represents a real immunological challenge for the immune system of the mother: beside acceptance of the semiallogeneic fetus, the maternal immune system has to be prepared for immune defense most… Show more

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Cited by 76 publications
(68 citation statements)
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“…These data suggest that the same competitive bindings observed in EC are in place also during pregnancy. The increased presence of CTLA4 and its ligand at the decidua is positively correlated with Th2 cytokines secretion and negatively with Th1 cytokines production (114), pointing out the CTLA4 remarkable role on local immune-suppression effect. CTLA-4 is also involved in pregnancy complications, such as recurrent pregnancy loss and preeclampsia (115,116), highlighting the hypothesis to use them as immune disruption challenging models, to be translated in EC cancer.…”
Section: Ctla-4mentioning
confidence: 95%
“…These data suggest that the same competitive bindings observed in EC are in place also during pregnancy. The increased presence of CTLA4 and its ligand at the decidua is positively correlated with Th2 cytokines secretion and negatively with Th1 cytokines production (114), pointing out the CTLA4 remarkable role on local immune-suppression effect. CTLA-4 is also involved in pregnancy complications, such as recurrent pregnancy loss and preeclampsia (115,116), highlighting the hypothesis to use them as immune disruption challenging models, to be translated in EC cancer.…”
Section: Ctla-4mentioning
confidence: 95%
“…Immune checkpoint molecules, such as TIM‐3, PD‐1, and CTLA‐4, are negative regulators of immune responses occurring on the surface of several immune cells . After ligand (galectin‐9, PD‐L1/PD‐L2, CD80/CD86) binding, these regulators are capable of transducing inhibitory signals leading to decreased immunoactivation …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…TIM‐3 and PD‐1 were shown to be expressed by many types of immune cells, including Th1, Th17, NK and NKT cells, γ/δ T cells, Tregs, and also on antigen‐presenting immune cells . The ligand of TIM‐3 receptor is galectin‐9 (Gal‐9), a β‐galactose binding protein.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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