Immune checkpoint inhibitors break whose heart? Perspectives from cardio-immuno-oncology

He, Yang; Huang, Yu; Dai, Shuang; He, Miao; Li, Ma; Xu, Zihan; Luo, Feng; Wang, Li

doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2023.01.024

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…Certain elements of the cell cycle apparatus, such as regulators and checkpoint proteins, may be targets for immunotherapy. For BCa patients, immune checkpoint inhibitors show good treatment outcomes [ 51 , 52 ]. Subsequent analysis of immune infiltration patterns showed that the high-risk group had reduced infiltration of regulatory T cells and activated dendritic cells, but increased infiltration of M2 macrophages, neutrophils, and activated CD4 + memory T cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic significance and immune landscape of a cell cycle progression-related risk model in bladder cancer

Tuo,

Lin,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Discov Onc

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Background A greater emphasis has been placed on the part of cell cycle progression (CCP) in cancer in recent years. Nevertheless, the precise connection between CCP-related genes and bladder cancer (BCa) has remained elusive. This study endeavors to establish and validate a reliable risk model incorporating CCP-related factors, aiming to predict both the prognosis and immune landscape of BCa. Methods Clinical information and RNA sequencing data were collected from the GEO and TCGA databases. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to construct a risk model associated with CCP. The performance of the model was assessed using ROC and Kaplan–Meier survival analyses. Functional enrichment analysis was employed to investigate potential cellular functions and signaling pathways. The immune landscape was characterized using CIBERSORT algorithms. Integration of the risk model with various clinical variables led to the development of a nomogram. Results To build the risk model, three CCP-related genes (RAD54B, KPNA2, and TPM1) were carefully chosen. ROC and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis confirm that our model has good performance. About immunological infiltration, the high-risk group showed decreased levels of regulatory T cells and dendritic cells coupled with increased levels of activated CD4 + memory T cells, M2 macrophages, and neutrophils. Furthermore, the nomogram showed impressive predictive power for OS at 1, 3, and 5 years. Conclusion This study provides new insights into the association between the CCP-related risk model and the prognosis of BCa, as well as its impact on the immune landscape.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic significance and immune landscape of a cell cycle progression-related risk model in bladder cancer

Tuo,

Lin,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Discov Onc

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“…In contrast to irAEs affecting various other organs, immune checkpoint inhibitors (IO)‐induced cardiotoxicity is relatively uncommon. According to available data from relevant case reports and the WHO VigiBase pharmacovigilance database, the reported incidence of cardiotoxicity varies between 0.06% and 4.2% [46]. However, the associated mortality rates are considerably higher, ranging from 35–50% [46].…”

Section: Immune‐related Toxicitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to available data from relevant case reports and the WHO VigiBase pharmacovigilance database, the reported incidence of cardiotoxicity varies between 0.06% and 4.2% [46]. However, the associated mortality rates are considerably higher, ranging from 35–50% [46].…”

Section: Immune‐related Toxicitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complications of immuno‐oncology care: what urologist should know

Grajales,

Martini,

Shore

2024

BJU International

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ObjectivesTo provide a practical review of immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) that may be encountered in uro‐oncology patients.Patients and MethodsWe conducted a literature review of studies reporting irAEs including articles published through September 2023 for uro‐oncology patients and the potential relevancy for the practicing urologist.ResultsImmunotherapy has revolutionised cancer treatment, extending its impact to urological malignancies including for patients with urothelial, kidney, and prostate cancers. Immuno‐oncology (IO) compounds have achieved measurable and durable responses in these cancers. Urologists, choosing to administer or co‐manage IO patient care, should be prepared to understand, evaluate, and treat irAEs. This review discusses the spectrum of irAEs that can be encountered. Ongoing trials are exploring the use of immunotherapy at earlier stages of uro‐oncological diseases, thus underscoring the evolving landscape of urological cancer treatment. Paradoxically, some data suggests that the occurrence of irAEs is associated with improved oncological outcomes.ConclusionsImmune‐related AEs, while manageable, may be life‐threatening and require lifelong therapy. A thorough understanding of AEs and toxicity of a novel drug class is imperative.

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“…Although the definitions reported in clinical trials differ, they all thematically define cardiotoxicity using a progressive decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction. Various organizations have defined cardiotoxicity differently using different threshold changes in left ventricular ejection fraction [ 6 ].…”

Section: Cardiac Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Every variety of platinum agent shares an identical platinum core, with a cross-reactivity of roughly 45%. All these agents have been implicated in the induction of hypersensitivity reactions, [ 6 , 51 ] usually of type I (Immediate type), but also rarely of type II (Cytotoxic type), type III (immune complex type), and type IV (delayed type). The range of hypersensitivity to cisplatin is 5–14%, to carboplatin it is 9–40%, and to oxaliplatin it is 10–25%.…”

Section: Hypersensitivity To Cytotoxic Agents and Kounis Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Cardio-Oncoimmunology: Cardiac Toxicity, Cardiovascular Hypersensitivity, and Kounis Syndrome

Kounis,

Hung,

de Gregorio

et al. 2024

Life

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Cancer therapy can result in acute cardiac events, such as coronary artery spasm, acute myocardial infarction, thromboembolism, myocarditis, bradycardia, tachyarrhythmias, atrio-ventricular blocks, QT prolongation, torsades de pointes, pericardial effusion, and hypotension, as well as chronic conditions, such as hypertension, and systolic and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction presenting clinically as heart failure or cardiomyopathy. In cardio-oncology, when referring to cardiac toxicity and cardiovascular hypersensitivity, there is a great deal of misunderstanding. When a dose-related cardiovascular side effect continues even after the causative medication is stopped, it is referred to as a cardiotoxicity. A fibrotic response is the ultimate outcome of cardiac toxicity, which is defined as a dose-related cardiovascular adverse impact that lasts even after the causative treatment is stopped. Cardiotoxicity can occur after a single or brief exposure. On the other hand, the term cardiac or cardiovascular hypersensitivity describes an inflammatory reaction that is not dose-dependent, can occur at any point during therapy, even at very low medication dosages, and can present as Kounis syndrome. It may also be accompanied by anti-drug antibodies and tryptase levels. In this comprehensive review, we present the current views on cardiac toxicity and cardiovascular hypersensitivity, together with the reviewed cardiac literature on the chemotherapeutic agents inducing hypersensitivity reactions. Cardiac hypersensitivity seems to be the pathophysiologic basis of coronary artery spasm, acute coronary syndromes such as Kounis syndrome, and myocarditis caused by cancer therapy.

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors break whose heart? Perspectives from cardio-immuno-oncology

Cited by 6 publications

References 123 publications

Prognostic significance and immune landscape of a cell cycle progression-related risk model in bladder cancer

Prognostic significance and immune landscape of a cell cycle progression-related risk model in bladder cancer

Complications of immuno‐oncology care: what urologist should know

Cardio-Oncoimmunology: Cardiac Toxicity, Cardiovascular Hypersensitivity, and Kounis Syndrome

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