Immune biomarkers predicting bronchiolitis disease severity: A systematic review

Hancock, David G.; Cavallaro, Elena; Doecke, Elizabeth; Reynolds, M.W.; Charles-Britton, Billie; Dixon, Dani‐Louise; Forsyth, Kevin

doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2018.11.004

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Numerous reports have attempted to clarify how the level of IFN-γ is associated with clinical severity or clinical ndings. However, comparable studies have reported con icting results 5,17 . Therefore, we could not speculate on the clinical and pathological signi cance of the negative correlation between S-ASM and INF-γ in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In addition, S-ASM was speci cally demonstrated to be a cytokine-responsive enzyme that increases in activity upon stimulation with interleukin-1β or tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) 15 . As is well known, acute bronchiolitis caused by RSV triggers an in ammatory response with the production and release of several pro-in ammatory cytokines 5,16 . The two common cytokines are TNF-α and INF-γ 17 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To clarify the underlying immunological mechanisms and identify immune biomarkers predicting disease severity, numerous studies have evaluated immune biomarker concentrations with respect to disease severity in the blood of infants with bronchiolitis 5 . In a systematic review, less than two dozen biomarkers, including cytokines and chemokines, immune cell subsets, and gene variants, could signi cantly predict and stratify disease severity, but all such biomarkers had comparable studies that reported opposite results each other 5 , suggesting that there are no speci c immune biomarkers of disease severity in infants with bronchiolitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Responsive Elevation of Serum Secretory Acid Sphingomyelinase Activity in Infants with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis

Yamamoto

Noguchi

Hatazawa

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalization in infants. Biomarkers of disease severity may be significant in improving management. Blood secretory acid sphingomyelinase (S-ASM) activity has been recognized as a biomarker of cytokine release, inflammation, oxidative stress, and damage to the vascular endothelium in various diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate whether serum S-ASM activity is increased and correlates with disease severity in infants with RSV bronchiolitis.Methods: Serum S-ASM activity was determined in 31 infants with RSV bronchiolitis, nine infants with RSV-negative febrile infection, and eight healthy infants. Laboratory data including two cytokines, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-18, and clinical observatory findings, including clinical severity score specific for bronchiolitis, were analyzed for correlation with the levels of serum S-ASM activity.Results: Serum S-ASM activity was significantly higher among the 31 infants with RSV bronchiolitis (9.5 ± 5.4 nmol/mL/h) than in those in each of the control groups (RSV-negative febrile infection patients, 4.0 ± 1.4 nmol/mL/h, p<0.005; healthy controls, 4.3 ± 1.9 nmol/mL/h, p<0.005). Serum S-ASM activity negatively correlated with IFN-γ levels (rho=−0.448, p=0.0129), but were not correlated with any other outcomes analyzed in this study.Conclusion: Serum S-ASM activity was significantly higher in infants with RSV bronchiolitis; however, its clinical significance requires further study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Acute Responsive Elevation of Serum Secretory Acid Sphingomyelinase Activity in Infants with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis

Yamamoto

Noguchi

Hatazawa

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Viral antigens have been shown to subvert these responses. Innate immune responses (particularly IFNλ or IL28/29), play a significant role in determining the likelihood of developing bronchiolitis after RSV infection (33). One study showed that an interferon response element (IFTM3) is associated with excessive immune response to virus in an age dependent manner (34).…”

Section: Early Innate Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 in Children: A Review and Parallels to Other Hyperinflammatory Syndromes

et al. 2020

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, children have had markedly different clinical presentations and outcomes compared to adults. In the acute phase of infection, younger children are relatively spared the severe consequences reported in adults. Yet, they are uniquely susceptible to the newly described Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). This may result from the developmental “immunodeficiency” resulting from a Th2 polarization that starts in utero and is maintained for most of the first decade of life. MIS-C may be due to IgA complexes in a Th2 environment or a Th1-like response to COVID-19 antigens that developed slowly. Alternatively, MIS-C may occur in vulnerable hosts with genetic susceptibilities in other immune and non-immune pathways. Herein, we present a brief overview of the host immune response, virologic and genetic factors, and comparable inflammatory syndromes that may explain the pathophysiology leading to drastic differences in clinical presentation and outcomes of COVID-19 between children and adults.

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“…As a consequence, there has been in the recent years a rising interest in the study of new molecules in AB 7 . The soluble form of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), a pro‐inflammatory pattern recognition receptor, is one of them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

sRAGE as severe acute bronchiolitis biomarker, prospective observational study

Sierra-Colomina

García-Salido

Leoz-Gordillo

et al. 2020

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Introduction and Objectives Acute bronchiolitis (AB) is the leading cause of hospitalization in infants and around 5% require intensive care treatment. Early identification of children diagnosed with AB at a high risk of severe progression is of great interest. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), highly expressed in lung tissue, regulates immune responses and inflammation, and its soluble form, sRAGE, is believed to have an anti‐inflammatory role. We hypothesized serum sRAGE might be a major determinant of AB severity and prognosis. This study was conducted to measure serum sRAGE in infants with severe AB and to assess its correlation with clinical severity, immediate complications, and outcome. Methods Single‐center, prospective, observational study of hospitalized children with severe bronchiolitis admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), from September 2015 to September 2016. Results A total of 52 children and 27 controls were included. The cases age ranged from 11 days to 21 months, resulting in a significant age difference with controls (11.85 vs 4.84 months, P < .01). Serum levels of sRAGE were lower but not significant in severe AB patients than in controls (1350.93 vs 1450.42 pg/mL; P = .399). No correlation was found between serum sRAGE and causative viruses, clinical symptoms, Wood‐Downes score (a clinical severity score) on admission, respiratory support, or length of hospital stay. Serum sRAGE was also lower in the cases having had a previous respiratory disease (1463.84 vs 1072.43 pg/mL; P = .049). However, it was higher in patients with any lung consolidation on the chest X‐ray (1584.79 vs 1131.62 pg/mL; P = .044) and weakly positively correlated with classical biomarkers (maximum C‐reactive protein, +0.295, P = .034; maximum procalcitonin, +0.309; P = .029). Conclusion This single‐center study reveals that sRAGE couldn't predict AB severity or outcome in children hospitalized at PICU. Nevertheless, it significantly increased in the presence of any lung consolidation and had a positive correlation with classical biomarkers. The utility of sRAGE in this population could be probably elucidated with a better understanding of AGE‐RAGE axis.

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Immune biomarkers predicting bronchiolitis disease severity: A systematic review

Cited by 5 publications

References 102 publications

Acute Responsive Elevation of Serum Secretory Acid Sphingomyelinase Activity in Infants with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis

Acute Responsive Elevation of Serum Secretory Acid Sphingomyelinase Activity in Infants with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis

COVID-19 in Children: A Review and Parallels to Other Hyperinflammatory Syndromes

sRAGE as severe acute bronchiolitis biomarker, prospective observational study

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