“…Thus, for a highly reliability system, the main problem is to balance reliability enhancement and resource consumption. A number of approaches in the literature focus on the application of metaheuristic methods for solving system reliability optimization problems [9,7,27,15,33,34,10,13]. However, real-life reliability optimization problems are complex: management goals and the constraints are often imprecise; (i) problem parameters as understood by the decision maker may (ii) be vague; and, historical data is often imprecise and vague.…”