Immune‐activation in recurrent oral ulcers (ROU)

Abstract

Hayrirten-Immonen R: Immune-activation in recurrent oral ulcers (ROU). Scand J Dent Res 1992: 100: 222-7. Tissue specimens from eight patients with recurrent oral ulcers (ROU) were analyzed for possible signs of active lymphocyte involvement. A total of 13 specimens were analyzed, eight (8) taken at the ulcer site and five (5) from clinically unaffected mucosa at a site opposite the ulcer. Monoclonal antibodies or heterologous antisera were applied using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) or peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex (PAP) methods to visualize cell-activation-associated marker proteins. In specimens from the ulcer area, approximately 43 + 18% of all inOatTimatory cells were positive for the MHC locus II coded Ia antigen. Furthermore, markers for cycling cells, interleukin-2 (CD25, 13 + 6%) and transferrin (CD71, 23± 14%) receptors, were frequent in the specimens studied. Staining for CDl (5 + 2%) disclosed dendritic intraepithelial cells in diseased and in clinically unaffected mucosa. Mobilization of such cells is suggested by their presence in submucosa in ROU specimens, but not in clinically unaffected mucosa. The presence of CDl cells, presumably denoting their identity as potent antigen-presenting Lagerhans' cells, and the rich presence of Ia suggest that local conditions are favorable for induction of T-cell-mediated responses. The simultaneous presence in such infiltrates of activation marker positive T-cells suggests activation de facto. This together with the rarity of activated B-cells, i.e. plasmablasts/cells containing cytoplasmic immunoglobulin, suggests active involvement of the local cells of the Tlymphocyte lineage in the pathogenesis of ROU.

Elevated Levels of Interferon Gamma, Tumor Necrosis Factor α, Interleukins 2, 4, and 5, but Not Interleukin 10, Are Present in Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

“…6 The preponderant cells in early lesions are CD4 + T cells, with a shift to CD8 + T cells later during the ulcerative phase. [6][7][8] A majority of cells are CD45RO + , consistent with memory, rather than naive lymphocytes. 8 Class II major histocompatibility complex expression is evident over epithelial basal cells in preulcerative RAS lesions and more diffusely within the epithelium at the ulcer stage, consistent with active cell-mediated inflammation.…”

IL-1B and IL-6 gene polymorphisms encode significant risk for the development of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS)

“…Initially, CD4 + T cells predominate but this changes to CD8 + during the ulcerative stage. 4 The majority are CD45RO + memory cells. 4 Adjacent keratinocytes become HLA-DR 5 and ICAM-1 positive and local blood vessels express Eselectin and VCAM-1.…”

“…4 The majority are CD45RO + memory cells. 4 Adjacent keratinocytes become HLA-DR 5 and ICAM-1 positive and local blood vessels express Eselectin and VCAM-1. 6 These changes are consistent with release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF and interferon-␥.…”

Hubungan antara level estradiol dan progesterone dengan stomatitis aftosa rekuren Relation between estradiol and progesterone hormone level with recurrent aphthous stomatitis

“…Sebuah penelitian mendapatkan prevalensi yang mencapai 5-66%. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Penelitian lain malah menunjukkan angka kejadian mencapai 90% pada anak yang kedua orangtuanya mengalami SAR. [7][8][9][10] Gambaran klinis stomatitis aftosa rekuren dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, yaitu minor aphtae, mayor aphtae, dan herpetiform ulcers.…”

“…3,4 Lesi SAR menimbulkan rasa nyeri, bentuknya bulat atau oval dengan pusat nekrotik yang dangkal disertai dengan pseudomembran warna putih kekuningan yang dikelilingi oleh daerah eritematous yang mengalami peninggian. [5][6][7][8] Etiologi penyakit ini masih belum jelas, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] namun banyaknya laporan mengenai rekurensi penyakit ini pada masa sebelum, saat, dan pasca menstruasi memunculkan dugaan adanya pengaruh hormon terhadap terjadinya SAR. Meskipun masih kontroversi, namun beberapa penelitian diantaranya Jones dan Mason 11 melaporkan adanya hubungan antara SAR dengan siklus menstruasi dan jumlah penderita wanita yang mencapai dua kali dibanding laki-laki.Croley dan Miers 12 juga meneliti pengaruh hormonestrogenyang ternyata merangsang maturasi lengkap sel epitel mukosa mulut dan progesteron yang menghambatnya.…”