Immobilized Protein–Polymer Nanoreactors

Grzelakowski, Mariusz; Onaca, Ozana; Rigler, Per; Kumar, Manish; Meier, Wolfgang

doi:10.1002/smll.200900603

Cited by 91 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Polymersomes that have assembled from amphiphilic block copolymers have proven to be useful tools as drug delivery systems [8,[20][21][22], nanoreactors and sensors [13,17,[23][24][25][26][27][28]. The attachment of targeting ligands or enzymes to the polymersomes, as well as the immobilization of polymer vesicles on surfaces, is of crucial importance in most of the previously mentioned applications.…”

Section: Conjugation To Preformed Polymersomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The state of the art in terms of common conjugation chemistry that fulfills all or some of these requirements is summarized in Table 1. [26,29] Horseradish peroxidase [26] and an azidofunctionalized Candida antarctica Lipase B [29] Azide Alkyne 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole PBD-b-PEG [30,31], PS-b-PAA [32] Mannose functional polyester dendron [30,31], dansyl probe [32], biotin [32], eGFP [32] Biotin Streptavidin Biotin-Streptavidin interaction PBD-b-PEG and PEG-b-PEE [33], PMOXA-b-PDMS-b-PMOXA [17,20,34,35] Superavidin-coated microspheres [33], antibody [36], polyguanylic acid [20,34], streptavidin-modified glass surface [17], fluorescently labeled avidin [33,35] …”

Section: Conjugation To Preformed Polymersomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This targeting can be realized by attaching or introducing functional, in the majority of cases biological, ligands, such as sugars, aptamers, peptides and proteins, vitamins and antibodies [16] to the membrane surface. The specific immobilization of polymersomes to solid substrates and surfaces is also of high importance in other fields of application-in sensors and for surface modifications [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functionalization of Block Copolymer Vesicle Surfaces

et al. 2011

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Abstract:In dilute aqueous solutions certain amphiphilic block copolymers self-assemble into vesicles that enclose a small pool of water with a membrane. Such polymersomes have promising applications ranging from targeted drug-delivery devices, to biosensors, and nanoreactors. Interactions between block copolymer membranes and their surroundings are important factors that determine their potential biomedical applications. Such interactions are influenced predominantly by the membrane surface. We review methods to functionalize block copolymer vesicle surfaces by chemical means with ligands such as antibodies, adhesion moieties, enzymes, carbohydrates and fluorophores. Furthermore, surface-functionalization can be achieved by self-assembly of polymers that carry ligands at their chain ends or in their hydrophilic blocks. While this review focuses on the strategies to functionalize vesicle surfaces, the applications realized by, and envisioned for, such functional polymersomes are also highlighted.

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Section: Conjugation To Preformed Polymersomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conjugation To Preformed Polymersomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functionalization of Block Copolymer Vesicle Surfaces

et al. 2011

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“…PMOXA-PDMS-PMOXA block copolymers were partially end-functionalized with biotin molecules that were exposed at the surface after vesicle formation. Interaction with streptavidin served to immobilize the vesicles on the surface, an advance that could lead to the development of a biosensor [23]. Another approach was to functionalize the surface of polymeric vesicles with complexing agents, for example nitrilotriacetic acid, and to use these agents to coordinate metal ions that serve to bind His-tag proteins.…”

Section: Immobilization Of Biomolecules On Polymer Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When reconstituting membrane proteins in polymeric membranes, one must consider that mild preparation conditions must be used in order to preserve their activities [23,32]. Another consideration, when working with membrane proteins and polymeric membranes, is the extent of reconstitution, a determination of which has not been done to date.…”

Section: Ampicillinoic Acid Ompfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Decorated Polymer Membranes: A New Approach in Diagnostics and Therapeutics

et al. 2011

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Today, demand exists for new systems that can meet the challenges of identifying biological entities rapidly and specifically in diagnostics, developing stable and multifunctional membranes, and engineering devices at the nanometer scale. In this respect, bio-decorated membranes combine the specificity and efficacy of biological entities, such as peptides, proteins, and DNA, with stability and the opportunity to chemically tailor the properties of polymeric membranes. A smart strategy that serves to fulfill biological criteria is required, whereby polymer membranes come to mimic biological membranes and do not disturb but rather enhance the functioning and activity of a biological entity. Different approaches have been developed, exemplified by either planar or vesicular membranes, allowing insertion inside the polymer membrane or anchoring via functionalization of the membrane surface. Inspired by nature, but incorporating the strength provided by chemical design, bio-decorated polymer membranes represent a novel concept with great potential in diagnostics and therapeutics.

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Polymer Nanoreactors

Edlinger¹,

Zhang²,

Fischer-Onaca³

et al. 2013

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

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This article introduces protein–polymer systems that serve as chemical reaction spaces at the nanoscale. Such polymeric nanoreactors accommodate enzymatic reactions either inside polymer supramolecular assemblies or at their interfaces with the environment, or through a combination of both. We provide an overview of polymer structures that include micelles, vesicles (primarily polymersomes, but also PICsomes and peptosomes), dendrimers, layer‐by‐layer capsules, and capsids—all of which can accommodate sensitive biomolecules to mimic natural systems and functions. This article further deals with the functionalization of polymer membranes and the analytical techniques that apply to nanoreactors. In the last section, we highlight the most relevant applications of such polymeric nanoreactors in the domains of medicine, ecology, and biotechnology.

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Immobilized Protein–Polymer Nanoreactors

Cited by 91 publications

References 24 publications

Functionalization of Block Copolymer Vesicle Surfaces

Functionalization of Block Copolymer Vesicle Surfaces

Bio-Decorated Polymer Membranes: A New Approach in Diagnostics and Therapeutics

Polymer Nanoreactors

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