Immobilization: Then and Now

Melo, Jose Savio; Tripathi, Anuj; Kumar, Jitendra; Mishra, Archana; Sandaka, Bhanu Prakash; Bhainsa, Kuber C.

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-7998-1_1

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 286 publications

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“…The water-soluble form is currently available as sodium metasilicate Na 2 SiO 3 . Because it is a salt of a weak acid and a strong base, aqueous solutions are alkaline (pH [11][12][13]. They are stable and keep well.…”

Section: Sodium Metasilicatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biopolymers created by nature over a long evolution—proteins, enzymes, polysaccharides, DNA, polyphenols and antibodies/antigens—are of great interest for the obtaining of materials for biomedicine, medical diagnostics, biocatalysis, biosensorics, proteomics, genetic engineering, biotechnology, bioremediation, food, cosmetics and energy due to their unique functional properties, functioning at ambient temperatures and in aqueous environments with high efficiency. Successful use of a biomaterial is possible after entrapment in biocompatible matrices, in which intactness and functional properties are fully preserved [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. One of the widely used approaches is sol–gel technology [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomimetic Sol–Gel Chemistry to Tailor Structure, Properties, and Functionality of Bionanocomposites by Biopolymers and Cells

Shchipunov

2023

Materials

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Biosilica, synthesized annually only by diatoms, is almost 1000 times more abundant than industrial silica. Biosilicification occurs at a high rate, although the concentration of silicic acid in natural waters is ~100 μM. It occurs in neutral aqueous solutions, at ambient temperature, and under the control of proteins that determine the formation of hierarchically organized structures. Using diatoms as an example, the fundamental differences between biosilicification and traditional sol–gel technology, which is performed with the addition of acid/alkali, organic solvents and heating, have been identified. The conditions are harsh for the biomaterial, as they cause protein denaturation and cell death. Numerous attempts are being made to bring sol–gel technology closer to biomineralization processes. Biomimetic synthesis must be conducted at physiological pH, room temperature, and without the addition of organic solvents. To date, significant progress has been made in approaching these requirements. The review presents a critical analysis of the approaches proposed to date for the silicification of biomacromolecules and cells, the formation of bionanocomposites with controlled structure, porosity, and functionality determined by the biomaterial. They demonstrated the broad capabilities and prospects of biomimetic methods for creating optical and photonic materials, adsorbents, catalysts and biocatalysts, sensors and biosensors, and biomaterials for biomedicine.

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Section: Sodium Metasilicatementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomimetic Sol–Gel Chemistry to Tailor Structure, Properties, and Functionality of Bionanocomposites by Biopolymers and Cells

Shchipunov

2023

Materials

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“…The inherent characteristics of macroporous cryogels, such as their high flow permeability, low flow resistance, and minimal toxicity [60], make them suitable for applications in a range of processes including aerobic and anaerobic bioreactors [28,[61][62][63][64], the separation of cells and bio-particles [27,56,[65][66][67], scaffolds for tissue engineering and biomedical applications [35,59,68], and for the perfusion of blood products [69][70][71].…”

Section: Application Of Immobilised Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wild-type E. coli and His-tagged E. coli were quantitatively separated from the media containing equal amounts of both cell types. The cells were recovered by selective elution with imidazole and EDTA and showed yields of 80% and 77%, respectively [59,65,67].…”

Section: Design Of Functional Macroporous Cryogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Materials Used for Immobilisation of Bacteria for the Bioremediation of Contaminants in Water

2021

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Bioremediation is a key process for reclaiming polluted soil and water by the use of biological agents. A commonly used approach aims to neutralise or remove harmful pollutants from contaminated areas using live microorganisms. Generally, immobilised microorganisms rather than planktonic cells have been used in bioremediation methods. Activated carbon, inorganic minerals (clays, metal oxides, zeolites), and agricultural waste products are acceptable substrates for the immobilisation of bacteria, although there are limitations with biomass loading and the issue with leaching of bacteria during the process. Various synthetic and natural polymers with different functional groups have been used successfully for the efficient immobilisation of microorganisms and cells. Promise has been shown using macroporous materials including cryogels with entrapped bacteria or cells in applications for water treatment and biotechnology. A cryogel is a macroporous polymeric gel formed at sub-zero temperatures through a process known as cryogelation. Macroporous hydrogels have been used to make scaffolds or supports for immobilising bacterial, viral, and other cells. The production of composite materials with immobilised cells possessing suitable mechanical and chemical stability, porosity, elasticity, and biocompatibility suggests that these materials are potential candidates for a range of applications within applied microbiology, biotechnology, and research. This review evaluates applications of macroporous cryogels as tools for the bioremediation of contaminants in wastewater.

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“…Following the evaporation-induced self-assembly process of spray drying, our lab has explored this technique extensively for immobilization of various biomolecules (Streptococcus lactis cells, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells) [26][27][28][29] and doxorubicin as a chemotherapeutic drug using silica nanoparticles as support material. Further, developed biohybrids were applied for their respective applications and the detail of the work will be discussed in the coming sections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applicability of Spray Drying Technique to Prepare Nano-Micro Carriers: A Review

2021

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Nano-micro carriers loaded with drugs and active biomolecules have gained a lot of attention in the field of health care, agriculture, and the food industry. Various methods have been explored to synthesize nano-micro carriers. However, there is still a constant search to develop a method for the preparation of a large quantity of nano-micro carriers with high loading efficiency. In this regard, spray drying could be a potential technique because of its inherent features like ease to operate, cost-effectiveness, environment-friendly, single step, and scalable. In this review, the focus is on the applicability of spray drying technique to prepare nano-micro carriers which are loaded with drugs, microorganisms, and other active molecules. Subsequently, the application and usefulness of spray-dried products in different research areas like the food industry, remediation of heavy metals and bioprocessing, and drug delivery have been presented. Furthermore, advantages, limitations, and recent developments in the area of spray drying have been discussed. This review presents a glimpse of spray drying techniques to synthesize nano-micro carriers with a wide range of applications.

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Immobilization: Then and Now

Cited by 6 publications

References 286 publications

Biomimetic Sol–Gel Chemistry to Tailor Structure, Properties, and Functionality of Bionanocomposites by Biopolymers and Cells

Biomimetic Sol–Gel Chemistry to Tailor Structure, Properties, and Functionality of Bionanocomposites by Biopolymers and Cells

Polymeric Materials Used for Immobilisation of Bacteria for the Bioremediation of Contaminants in Water

Applicability of Spray Drying Technique to Prepare Nano-Micro Carriers: A Review

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