Immobilization of plasmids in bacterial nanocellulose as gene activated matrix

Nanocellulose, a versatile platform: From the delivery of active molecules to tissue engineering applications

“… Polymer matrix Plasmid/Gene Functional properties Fabrication technique Reference CNC- g -PPEG/PDMA-Au pDNA Promising model multifunctional therapy system. ATRP, RAFT [ 180 ] BNC-amine siRNA Low cytotoxicity, high cell viability, potential nanocarriers for nucleic acid delivery Ultra-sonication [ 86 ] BNC-GAM hydrogel pSV-β-Gal and pGL3 Promising carrier for local gene delivery Injection technique [ 44 ] (OHMPC)-(HA-ADH)-(ori)-alginate microspheres siRNA-29a Increased diabetic wound healing, angiogenesis factors production, Inhibited pro-inflammatory factors Lyophilization, Freeze drying, Dispersion [ 181 ] Alginate-methylcellulose hydrogel pDNA Treatment of injuries and disorders, Regeneration of complex tissues, Controlled release. 3D printing [ 182 ] CNC-PEI-siRNA siRNA Delivery confirmed by EtBr fluorescent labeling, Inactivation of the targeted cell cycle, Reductive animation reaction, Electrostatic effect [ 45 ] CNC-CHPTAC Polymeric siRNA High enzymatic stability, Gene knockdown ability, Apoptosis, Enhanced dispersity Hydrothermal sulfation, Electrostatic interaction [ 179 ] PPEG; PPEGEEMA; poly(poly(ethylene glycol) ethyl ether methacrylate), PDMA– PDMAEMA; poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate), ATRP; atom transfer radical, OHMPC; oxidized hydro...…”

“…Therefore, PEI-modified BNC is suitable for delivering bioactive compounds [ 183 ]. In another study, they also evaluated the delivery potential of BNC hydrogels for the pSV-β-Gal and pGL3 plasmids [ 44 ]. The release behavior of plasmids was dependent on the type of BNC, plasmid, and loading technique.…”

“…Nanocellulose could be utilized for sustained delivery of therapeutic molecules, such as anti-microbial drugs [ 40 ], as a wound healing agents [ 41 ], anti-cancer drugs [ 42 ], and various hemostatic agents [ 43 ]. Nanocellulose has also been shown to deliver nucleic acids [ 44 , 45 ], proteins [ 46 ], and certain growth promoting factors for tissue engineering [ 47 ]. CNC; cellulose nanocrystals, CNF; cellulose nanofibrils, BNC; bacterial nanocellulose.…”

Research progress on the biological modifications of implant materials in 3D printed intervertebral fusion cages

“…Tissue engineering guides the fate of cell transformation through growth factors and regulates the expression of functional genes related to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) bone formation on biomaterial scaffolds, which has become a very promising method for the treatment of bone defects [ 60 ]. Currently, DNA plasmids [ 61 , 62 ], short interfering RNA (siRNA) [ 63 ], microRNA (miRNA) [ 64 ], stem cell exosomes [ 65 ] and other functional gene regulatory molecules have been experimentally applied in bone tissue engineering. Plasmid DNA (pDNA) requires DNA to undergo transfection, transcription, translation and other processes to express the effector proteins [ 66 ].…”

Naturally derived nano- and micro-drug delivery vehicles: halloysite, vaterite and nanocellulose

“…The cells were mostly attached to the hydrogel within 4 h. In turn, the gel was shown to provide cell viability and free transfer to the wound site. The wound healing ability 181 Plasmids can be efficiently immobilized in a cellulose matrix providing their prolonged release up to 50 days. The depot for sustainable and targeted delivery of plasmids may be promising for wound healing of soft tissues due to the delivery of plasmids encoding for growth factors of platelets, fibroblasts or brain derived neurotrophic factors.…”