Immobilization of Ochrobactrum sp. on Biochar/Clay Composite Particle: Optimization of Preparation and Performance for Nitrogen Removal

Abstract

The objective of this study was to prepare biochar/clay composite particle (BCCP) as carrier to immobilize Ochrobactrum sp. to degrade ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), and the effects of calcined program and immobilizing material were investigated. Results reflected that the parameters were as follows: calcined temperature 400°C, heating rate 20°C min–1, and holding time 2 h, and the adsorption capacity could reach 0.492 mg g–1. Sodium alginate/polyvinyl alcohol, as embedding material, jointed with NH4+-N adsorption process and then degraded by Ochrobactrum sp. with 79.39% degradation efficiency at 168 h. Immobilizing Ochrobactrum sp. could protect strain from high salt concentration to achieve the exceeding degradation efficiency than free bacteria, but could not block the impact of low temperature.

Biochar/Clay Composite Particle Immobilized Compound Bacteria: Preparation, Collaborative Degradation Performance and Environmental Tolerance

“…However, the effect of the P-B-SA + PVA group is lower than that of the P-B group after a period of time, and then the removal efficiency of the P-B-SA + PVA group restored and equivalented to the P-B group with the further extension of the reaction time. It indicated that the embedding first had a certain inhibitory effect on the experiment, and then the permeability became stronger, and the degradation effect was significantly improved with the increase in enrichment [6]. The results showed that BCCP could improve the degradation efficiency of NH 4 + -N as the carrier of immobilized AOB.…”

“…However, the use of high-efficiency bacterial agents is affected by the persistence of residence in freely flowing water bodies. Using BCCP as a carrier to immobilize efficient bacterial communities on BCCP can effectively maintain the concentration of microorganisms and provide pollutant degradation effects [6]. Meanwhile, environmental factors, such as salinity and temperature, restrict pollutant degradation, and it is necessary to study the degradation of pollutants by immobilized bacteria technology in wetlands [6].…”

“…Using BCCP as a carrier to immobilize efficient bacterial communities on BCCP can effectively maintain the concentration of microorganisms and provide pollutant degradation effects [6]. Meanwhile, environmental factors, such as salinity and temperature, restrict pollutant degradation, and it is necessary to study the degradation of pollutants by immobilized bacteria technology in wetlands [6]. The activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) gradually decreased as the salinity increased from approximately zero to 35.0 g/L [7].…”