“…Therefore, a series of studies have been performed to investigate the sorption behaviors of Cu (II) and Ni(II) on montmorillonite. In addition, some spectral analysis techniques such as the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) have also been applied to deduce the underlying sorption mechanisms (Hyun et al, 2000;Morton et al, 2001;Dähn et al, 2002Dähn et al, , 2003Undabeytia et al, 2002;Strawn et al, 2004;Nachtegaal et al, 2005;Tan et al, 2011;Schlegel and Manceau, 2013). Generally, Cu(II) and Ni(II) tend to be adsorbed via ion exchange reaction over the acidic pH range and surface complexation over the near-neutral pH range.…”