Immobilization of Ionophore and Surface Characterization Studies of the Titanium(III) Ion in a PVC-Membrane Sensor

Abstract

Novel ionophores comprising various hydroxide and amine structures were immobilized onto poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) matrices, and these were examined to determine Ti(III) selectivity. To predict the selectivity of Ti(III), a PVC membrane was used to investigate the binding of Ti(III) to c-methylcalix[4]resorcinarene (CMCR). The study showed that the chelating ligand, CMCR, was coordinated selectively to Ti(III) at eight coordination sites involving the oxygen atoms at the interface of the membrane/solution. The membrane was prepared, based on CMCR as an ionophore, sodium tetrakis(4-fluorophenyl) borate (NaTFPB) as a lipophilic ionic additive, and dioctylphthalate (DOP) as a plasticizer. The immobilization of the ionophore and surface characterization studies revealed that the performance of CMCR-immobilized PVC was equivalent to that of mobile ionophores in supported liquid membranes (SLMs). The strengths of the ion-ionophore (CMCR-Ti(OH)(OH2)52+) interactions and the role of ionophores on membranes were studied via UV-Vis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT–IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Conductance Studies on Complex Formation between c-Methylcalix[4]resorcinarene and Titanium (III) in Acetonitrile-H2O Binary Solutions

“…It was also used to evaluate the effect of the composition of acetonitrile-water binary solutions on the nature of titanium cations. The results could be useful for applications such as the fabrication of ISEs based on macrocyclic ionophores for determining titanium ions in real samples [17][18][19].…”

“…A nonlinear least squares curve fitting using the GENPLOT computer program was applied to evaluate the formation constant and the limiting molar conductance of the resulting 1:1 complexes [21]. In the present work, all of the measured solutions were adjusted in pH range 1-3, and the dominant titanium species were in the form of Ti(OH)(OH 2 ) 5 2+ [17,18,22].…”

Kinetic study of hydroxyl radical formation in a continuous hydroxyl generation system

“…At present, the main detection methods are chemical uorescence method, 17 uorescence, 18 electron spin capture, [19][20][21][22][23] chromatography, 24 and so on. [25][26][27][28] Some of these methods require expensive instruments, and some operations are very complicated.…”

A Novel Potentiometric Sensor Based on 1,2-Bis(N’-benzoylthioureido)benzene and Reduced Graphene Oxide for Determination of Lead (II) Cation in Raw Milk

“…Moreover, the stability and life time of the developed ISE based on 1,2-bis(N'-benzoylthioureido)benzene ionophore was evaluated by using the proposed sensor over a period of 10 weeks without any significant changes in the Nernstian slope. The limitation of life time in the fabricated proposed sensor might be due to the loss of membrane ingredients by leaching into the sample[64,65].…”