Immobilization of Hazardous Wastes on One-Part Blast Furnace Slag-Based Geopolymers

Paz-Gómez, D.C.; Vilarinho, Inês Silveirinha; Pérez-Moreno, S.M.; Carvalheiras, João; Guerrero, José Luis Guzmán; Novais, Rui M.; Seabra, M.P.; Ríos, Guillermo; Bolı́var, J.P.; Labrincha, J.A.

doi:10.3390/su132313455

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…An innovative, noble and revolutionized material which cuts carbon footprint by mitigating GHG emissions, providing relief from global warming; • Thermal and fire-resistant materials [115]; • Can immobilize the hazardous, radioactive wastes [116];…”

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confidence: 99%

“…No water curing, because water is released during the chemical reaction in the geopolymerization process of geopolymer concrete, and this water tends to evaporate as the specimens are heated during the curing phase. Similarly, drying shrinkage in stiff specimens is low due to the little amount of water in the pores [18,[116][117][118][119][120][121]; • Several studies have been conducted [122,123] to determine the effect of curing conditions on the physical and mechanical characteristics of geopolymer paste and concrete. Curing temperatures ranged from 40…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Comprehensive Review on Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer

Luhar

2022

J. Compos. Sci.

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The discovery of an innovative category of inorganic geopolymer composites has generated extensive scientific attention and the kaleidoscopic development of their applications. The escalating concerns over global warming owing to emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), a primary greenhouse gas, from the ordinary Portland cement industry, may hopefully be mitigated by the development of geopolymer construction composites with a lower carbon footprint. The current manuscript comprehensively reviews the rheological, strength and durability properties of geopolymer composites, along with shedding light on their recent key advancements viz., micro-structures, state-of-the-art applications such as the immobilization of toxic or radioactive wastes, digital geopolymer concrete, 3D-printed fly ash-based geopolymers, hot-pressed and foam geopolymers, etc. They have a crystal-clear role to play in offering a sustainable prospect to the construction industry, as part of the accessible toolkit of building materials—binders, cements, mortars, concretes, etc. Consequently, the present scientometric review manuscript is grist for the mill and aims to contribute as a single key note document assessing exhaustive research findings for establishing the viability of fly ash-based geopolymer composites as the most promising, durable, sustainable, affordable, user and eco-benevolent building materials for the future.

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A Comprehensive Review on Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer

Luhar

2022

J. Compos. Sci.

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“… Leaching behaviour of the monolithic materials according to EN 12457-2, after 24 and 48 h [ 18 ]. The amount of leached components was evaluated in a total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (TXRF-S2 PICOFOX 50 keV), a more detailed description is presented in [ 22 ]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Fly Ashes and Sands Wastes from Biomass Boilers in One-Part Geopolymers

et al. 2022

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Fly ash (FA) and exhausted bed sands (sands wastes) that are generated in biomass burners for energy production are two of the wastes generated in the pulp and paper industry. The worldwide production of FA biomass is estimated at 10 million tons/year and is expected to increase. In this context, the present work aims to develop one-part alkali-activated materials with biomass FA (0–100 wt.% of the binder) and sands wastes (100 wt.% of the aggregate). FA from two different boilers, CA and CT, was characterized and the mortar’s properties, in the fresh and hardened conditions, were evaluated. Overall, the incorporation of FA decreases the compressive strength of the specimens. However, values higher than 30 MPa are reached with 50 wt.% of FA incorporation. For CA and CT, the compressive strength of mortars with 28 days of curing was 59.2 MPa (0 wt.%), 56.9 and 57.0 MPa (25 wt.%), 34.9 and 46.8 MPa (50 wt.%), 20.5 and 13.5 MPa (75 wt.%), and 9.2 and 0.2 MPa (100 wt.%), respectively. The other evaluated characteristics (density, water absorption, leached components and freeze–thaw resistance) showed no significant differences, except for the specimen with 100 wt.% of CA. Therefore, this work proved that one-part geopolymeric materials with up to 90 wt.% of pulp and paper industrial residues (FA and sand) can be produced, thus reducing the carbon footprint associated with the construction sector.

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“…However, oxyanions have been found to be immobilized via electrostatic interaction in AAMs (Tian et al, 2021). High As mobility from AAMs has commonly been an issue in other studies (e.g., Álvarez-Ayuso et al, 2008;Paz-Gómez et al, 2021).…”

Section: Alkali-activated Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%