Immobilization of GOD on electrochemically synthesized Ppy–PVS composite film by cross-linking via glutaraldehyde for determination of glucose

Polypyrrole nanotube array sensor for enhanced adsorption of glucose oxidase in glucose biosensors

“…The overshoot in the Fig. 1 may be due to oligomers and dimmers formed at the first instance (Gade et al, 2006) or due to time taken for wetting between a liquid and a solid surface (Redon et al, 2005). The very small size of the overshoot compared to the steady state value reveals that the significance of them is small and it had become steady within a few seconds.…”

“…Up-to-date several physical adsorption, cross linking and electro polymerization methods have been tried to fulfill this requirement (Cho et al, 1996). Glutaraldehyde is widely used as a cross-linking agent that can prevent leaching out (Gade et al, 2006). Copolymerization on top of an existing thin film of PPy is another method widely being used.…”

Electropolymerization of hydroxyphenylacetic acid isomers and the development of a bioelectrode for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis

“…The surfaces of graphite electrodes(GE), as well as electrodes constructed of gold or other conductive materials, can be functionalized with polymers, which alter the electrical and electrochemical properties at the surface by optimizing selective interactions for a given application, such as the incorporation of biomolecules, particularly, oligonucleotides and DNA, in the development of genosensors [1,2].…”

Enzyme-based Electrochemical Biosensors

“…Such multilayer structure provided an excellent matrix for the immobilization of enzyme, which possessed the favorable features of both PPy and CNTs. Cross-linking was chosen for GOD immobilization, and such prepared biosensor showed enhanced linear range, response time and sensitivity (Gade et al, 2006). Interestingly, soluble PPy synthesized by the incorporation of sulfonate dopant anion could be well incorporated into microscopic polyacrylamide particles for glucose biosensing by concentrated emulsion polymerization method (Retama et al, 2005).…”