Immobilization of anterior alveolar injuries with cold-curing acrylic resins

105

101

Tooth splinting: a review of the literature and consideration of the versatility of a wirecomposite splint Oikarinen K. Tooth splinting: a review of the literature and consideration of the versatility of a wire-composite splint. Endod Dent Traumatol 1990; 6: 237-250. .,, Abstract -T'he principles of tooth luxation splinting have been changed since the animal and human tests conducted in the early 1970s showed that masticatory stimulus promotes healing of luxated teeth and normally exerted occlusal forces arc able to prevent and eliminate small resorption cavities on the root surface. It has also been shown that iixation of only one week is enough to achieve the clinical healing of repositioned teeth. Apart fi-om esthetic and hygienic cotnponents, present-day demands on tooth fixation techniques also include ease of construction and removal and the use of devices which allow slight movement of the fixed teeth. This paper presents the history of tooth splinting, our present-day knowledge ofthe subject, and introduces various splinting techniques. T^he wide range of indications for a flexible wire-composite splint are analyzed more thoroughly.

Section: Acrylic Cap Splintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tooth splinting: a review of the literature and consideration of the versatility of a wire‐composite splint

Oikarinen

1990

105

101

“…Areas of resorption of both cementum and dentin are identified in external inflammatory root resorption (EIRR) together with inflammation of the adjacent periodontal ligament (PDL). The mechanism of EIRR is described as a result of a necrotic and infected pulp, 1,[5][6][7][8][9][10] in conjunction with damage to the PDL and/or root surface following trauma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic markers of post‐traumatic dental external root resorption in children—a pilot study

Gregorczyk-Maga

Szustkiewicz-Karoń

Kaszuba

et al. 2021

Background External inflammatory root resorption (EIRR) is a frequent complication of traumatic dental injuries (TDI). The aim of this cohort study was to identify novel non‐invasive markers of post‐traumatic EIRR by assessing the changes in the pulp's blood flow and the composition of gingival sulcus fluid (GCF) in children after dental trauma. Material and methods Thirty‐two children were enrolled and assessed within 48 h of a TDI to their permanent incisors and during an additional three visits over a 6‐months follow up period. During each visit, a radiograph and laser Doppler flow (LDF) measurements of the pulp blood flow were performed on the injured tooth, and the GCF was sampled. The permanent first molar tooth of the same subject served as a control for the LDF measurements and the GCF sampling. Concentrations of IL‐1α in the GCF were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. Radiographs were used to confirm EIRR. Results EIRR occurred in fourteen (43.8%) teeth in 32 patients. The teeth with EIRR showed diminished LDF readings when compared with controls at all visits. The LDF readings of the injured teeth continued to decrease at follow up visits. In the EIRR group, levels of IL‐1α in the GCF of teeth with EIRR were increased and significantly higher than those of the control teeth at the visit when EIRR was diagnosed. The IL‐1α levels were significantly higher in the EIRR group when compared to the injured teeth of patients without EIRR at the last follow‐up visit. Conclusions The occurrence of EIRR after mechanical trauma of permanent teeth with complete root development is accompanied by a significant reduction in the blood flow of the tooth's pulp. It is accompanied by an increase in concentrations of IL‐1α in the GCF of EIRR affected teeth. The results of this pilot study identified the use of IL‐1α in GCF and LDF as non‐invasive markers of EIRR.

“…In the 1960s, rigid splinting using arch bars or cap splints and maintained for 3–6 months was considered essential for periodontal and pulpal healing (25). This concept was the state‐of‐the‐art in many countries (26–30). In 1975, in an experimental study in monkeys, it was found that no splinting or 1 week splinting of replanted teeth had a better prognosis for PDL healing than rigid splinting for longer periods (31).…”

Section: Luxation Injuries With Displacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contradictions in the treatment of traumatic dental injuries and ways to proceed in dental trauma research*

Andreasen

Lauridsen

Andreasen

2010

Almost all treatment procedures used for dental traumas are still today not evidence-based, a fact, which makes it difficult to analyse the long-term outcome of healing and its relationship to treatment. Crown fractures with extensive dentin exposure represent a dominant injury in the permanent dentition. Accepted treatment philosophy is dentin coverage (dental liner and/or dentin bonded restoration) to prevent bacteria penetration into the pulp. Today there is, apart from deep proximal fractures, no evidence that this treatment is necessary to protect the pulp. In case of luxation injuries, the accepted treatment principles appear to be anatomically correct repositioning, stabilization with a splint and sometimes antibiotic coverage. In clinical studies, these principles could not be proven to optimize either periodontal or pulpal healing, the explanation possibly being that both reposition and application of splints in certain cases add extra damage to the pulp and periodontal ligament. In case of root fractures with dislocation, fast and optimal repositioning and rigid long-term splinting (i.e. 3 months) have been considered the principle of treatment. However, a recent clinical study has shown that short-term splinting with a semi-rigid splint appears to optimize fracture healing. In tooth avulsion with subsequent replantation, cleansing of the root surface for contamination and systemic antibiotics has been considered essential for pulp and periodontal healing. These treatment concepts have been derived from experimental studies in animals. However, their importance could not be verified in large clinical studies. Ideally, randomized clinical studies are needed in the future for selected trauma types. The influences of repositioning, splinting and the role of infection and antibiotics should be further investigated. However, for ethical reasons, it will be difficult to perform randomized studies on trauma victims and we will be forced in the future to rely on experimental animal studies supported by clinical observational studies.