Immobilization of activated sludge by PVA–boric acid method

Hashimoto, Susumu; Furukawa, Koichi

doi:10.1002/bit.260300108

Cited by 148 publications

(68 citation statements)

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“…Immobilized cell methods can be divided mainly into two groups: the binding method (Blanco et al, 1995;Mulcahy and Shieh, 1987) and the entrapping method (Hashimoto and Furukawa, 1987;Chen and Lin, 1994;Kudlich et al, 1996). In our previous study, a mixed culture having a high capacity for rapid decolorization of azo dye was immobilized by a phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel (Chen et al, 2003b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic characteristics of immobilized cell beads in a liquid–solid fluidized‐bed bioreactor

Wu¹,

Chen²,

Chen³

et al. 2003

Biotech & Bioengineering

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This study examined the hydrodynamic characteristics of a liquid-solid fluidized-bed bioreactor using elastic particles (PVA gel beads) of various diameters as carriers. The drag coefficient-Reynolds number, velocity-voidage, and expansion index-Reynolds number relationships observed during fluidization of PVA gel beads in a fluidized bed in our experiments were compared with the published results. Predictions made from previous correlations were examined with our new experimental findings, revealing the inadequacy of most of these correlations. Thus, new correlations describing the above-mentioned relationships are suggested. The drag coefficient of immobilized cell beads is larger than that of free cell ones at the same Reynolds number because the surface of the immobilized cell beads is rougher. For multiparticle systems, the correction factor, f(epsilon), is a function of the falling gel bead properties (Reynolds number) as well as the fluidized gel bead properties (Archimedes number), and depend strongly on the bed voidage (epsilon). A new simple relation was developed to predict easily the epsilon value from 0.5-0.9 at 4,986 < A(r) < 40,745 or 34 < Re(t) < 186. For all the immobilized cell beads used in this study, the prediction error of the bed voidage was less than 5% at epsilon > 0.5. The prediction equations in this study can be further applied to analyzing the hydrodynamic characteristics of a fluidized-bed reactor using similar entrapped elastic particles as carriers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic characteristics of immobilized cell beads in a liquid–solid fluidized‐bed bioreactor

Wu¹,

Chen²,

Chen³

et al. 2003

Biotech & Bioengineering

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“…[33] The sludge was encapsulated in polymer gels according to the PVA-freezing method. [34] Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was mixed with deionized water and heated to 95…”

Section: Culturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Denitrification of agricultural drainage line water via immobilized denitrification sludge

Hunt

Matheny

et al. 2008

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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Nonpoint source nitrogen is recognized as a significant water pollutant worldwide. One of the major contributors is agricultural drainage line water. A potential method of reducing this nitrogen discharge to water bodies is the use of immobilized denitrifying sludge (IDS). Our objectives were to (1) produce an effective IDS, (2) determine the IDS reaction kinetics in laboratory column bioreactors, and (3) test a field bioreactor for nitrogen removal from agricultural drainage line water. We developed a mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS) denitrifying sludge using inoculant from an overland flow treatment system. It had a specific denitrification rate of 11.4 mg NO 3 -N g −1 MLSS h −1 . We used polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to immobilize this sludge and form IDS pellets. When placed in a 3.8-L column bioreactor, the IDS had a maximum removal rate (K MAX ) of 3.64 mg NO 3 -N g −1 pellet d −1 . In a field test with drainage water containing 7.8 mg NO 3 -N L −1 , 50% nitrogen removal was obtained with a 1 hr hydraulic retention time. Expressed as a 1 m 3 cubically-shaped bioreactor, the nitrogen removal rate would be 94 g NO 3 -N m −2 d −1 , which is dramatically higher than treatment wetlands or passive carbonaceous bioreactors. IDS bioreactors offer potential for reducing nitrogen discharge from agricultural drainage lines. More research is needed to develop the bioreactors for agricultural use and to devise effective strategies for their implementation with other emerging technologies for improved water quality on both watershed and basin scales.

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“…The simplest procedure to immobilize microbial cells using PVA is the PVA-boric acid method. However, it reduces cell viability, and PVA beads usually agglomerate due to the highly acidic conditions and slow cross-linking process (Hashimoto and Furukawa, 1987;Wu and Wisecarver, 1992). To overcome these problems, the addition of sodium alginate to the PVA beads and the treatment of the beads with sodium sulfate were examined (Takei et al, 2011;Zain et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient entrapment of Kluyveromyces marxianus DBKKUY-103 in polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel for ethanol production from sweet sorghum juice

Nonthasen¹,

Piyatheerawong²,

Thanonkeo³

2015

Turk J Biol

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The aim of this investigation was to optimize immobilization conditions to entrap Kluyveromyces marxianus DBKKUY-103 during ethanol fermentation from sweet sorghum juice using a response surface methodology. The effects and interactions of variables involved in cell entrapment using polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate were studied through a fractional factorial design. The results suggested that the primary variables involved in cell entrapment that significantly affected ethanol fermentation were sodium sulfate concentration, polyvinyl alcohol, and sodium alginate contents (P < 0.01). Subsequently, these variables were optimized for the preparation of cell entrapment based on response surface methodology and using central composite design. The results indicate that cell entrapment can achieve an ethanol concentration of 81.56 g L -1 under the following optimal conditions: bead gel diameter of 4.0 mm, calcium chloride concentration of 0.3 M, polyvinyl alcohol content of 10.09% (w v -1 ), sodium alginate content of 3.39% (w v -1 ), and sodium sulfate concentration of 0.44 M. Furthermore, statistical analysis of the model reveals that it adequately fit the experimental data (P < 0.01, R 2 = 0.9879). Therefore, this model can be used to efficiently prepare entrapped cells for ethanol production.

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Immobilization of activated sludge by PVA–boric acid method

Cited by 148 publications

References 1 publication

Hydrodynamic characteristics of immobilized cell beads in a liquid–solid fluidized‐bed bioreactor

Hydrodynamic characteristics of immobilized cell beads in a liquid–solid fluidized‐bed bioreactor

Denitrification of agricultural drainage line water via immobilized denitrification sludge

Efficient entrapment of Kluyveromyces marxianus DBKKUY-103 in polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel for ethanol production from sweet sorghum juice

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