Immobilisation of titanium dioxide onto supporting materials in heterogeneous photocatalysis: A review

Shan, Ang Ying; Ghazi, Tinia Idaty Mohd; Rashid, Suraya Abdul

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2010.08.053

Cited by 580 publications

(254 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…or opaque (AC, metals, etc.) material with a strong adherence to the catalyst, a high specific surface area, inertness with respect to the photocatalyst, but with a fair adsorption affinity towards the contaminants [54]. For example, Murgolo et al show a good efficiency of nanometric TiO 2 supported on single walled carbon nanotubes during the degradation of a mixture of 22 PPCPs either in pure water or in secondary wastewater effluent [55].…”

Section: Photocatalysis and Other Advanced Oxidation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials for the Abatement of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products from Wastewater

2018

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Abstract:In this short-review, the most common types of both pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCP, a class of "emerging pollutants") are considered, as well as some of the most frequent methods for their removal that envisage the use of nanomaterials. The nanomaterials used in conservative methods (namely, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration and adsorption) are basically nanoporous solids. Non-conservative methods, which include photocatalysis and Fenton reaction, are currently considered more promising than conservative ones, as the former allow the (at least) partial degradation of the original molecules into more biodegradable by-products, which can be further abated by subsequent biological treatments, whereas the former are not efficient for the removal of small quantities of pollutants and have to be regenerated.

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Section: Photocatalysis and Other Advanced Oxidation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials for the Abatement of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products from Wastewater

2018

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“…8,14,45,49,50 Although there is a consensus on this synergistic effect, assuming that the presence of AC favors the approximation between substrate and photocatalyst, there are additional arguments that suggest a much more complex effect. According to Cordero et al 51 the differences in the photoactivity of TiO 2 depends on the physicochemical properties of activated carbons, particularly the existence of active sites on their surface.…”

Section: Photocatalytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of these characteristics, the separation of the catalyst is expensive and time demanding, which often causes a significant reduction in the benefits of the usual mineralization of the organic substrates. 8 To overcome this negative aspect, the use of immobilized photocatalysts has been proposed since 1993. 8 Many chemical and physical methods have been employed to prepare TiO 2 coatings on various supports, such as glass, 9 silica, 10 zeolite, 11 among other materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 To overcome this negative aspect, the use of immobilized photocatalysts has been proposed since 1993. 8 Many chemical and physical methods have been employed to prepare TiO 2 coatings on various supports, such as glass, 9 silica, 10 zeolite, 11 among other materials. The sol-gel method and the subsequent thermal treatment usually leads to highly crystalline anatase TiO 2 , 12 proving to be a simple and reliable alternative for preparation of mechanically stable TiO 2 films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Synergistic UV-A Photocatalytic Degradation of Estrogens by Nano-TiO₂Supported on Activated Carbon

Rosa¹,

Nossol²,

Nossol³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Many studies have reported significant improvements in the photocatalytic degradation capacity of TiO 2 immobilized in carbonaceous materials, mainly due to a well-characterized synergistic effect. The photocatalytic degradation of the estrogens 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethynylestradiol was evaluated using 1 mg L -1 aqueous solutions, employing a nanocomposite containing TiO 2 and activated carbon (TiO 2 -AC) prepared by sol-gel technique. The synthesized materials were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These techniques allowed to estimate the carbon proportion (11.4 wt.%), the phase composition (anatase: 80.2%, brookite: 14.0%, and rutile: 5.8%) and the superficial morphology. Using UV-A radiation provided by a high pressure mercury vapor lamp (125 W) and the synthesized photocatalysts, it was observed the almost complete removal of both estrogens in times shorter than 10 minutes. Considering the similarity between the degradation percentage of nanocomposites (TiO 2 and TiO 2 -AC), no synergistic effects between AC and TiO 2 could be assumed. Keywords: titanium dioxide/activated carbon, nanocomposite, photocatalysis, estrogens IntroductionOver the last two decades, many studies have demonstrated the high degradation capacity of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). In general, homogeneous 1 and heterogeneous systems 2 promote fast degradation of resistant substrates, mainly due to the high oxidizing capacity of the in situ generated hydroxyl radical. 3 In the context of the AOPs, heterogeneous photocatalysis occupies a prominent place, particularly when assisted by titanium dioxide. 4 Many recalcitrant organic pollutants have been efficiently degraded by TiO 2 -photocatalysis, including azo dyes, 5 pharmaceuticals 6 and estrogens. 7 Typically, the process is applied as slurry systems, consisting in a suspension of fine powdered TiO 2 . Because of these characteristics, the separation of the catalyst is expensive and time demanding, which often causes a significant reduction in the benefits of the usual mineralization of the organic substrates. Combinations between TiO 2 and carbonaceous materials have been widely explored since the 1990s, with results that demonstrate significant synergistic effects that increase the catalytic activity.14 In this context, the use of activated carbon (AC) is particularly attractive, because of providing a high surface area for distribution and immobilization of TiO 2 .14 According to the current literature, the synergistically enhanced photocatalytic activity observed with the use of TiO 2 -AC composites may be explained by the high adsorption capacity of AC and by the consequent enrichment of target molecules around the catalyst.14-17 Although the positive effect of AC on the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO 2 is observed with simple mechanical mixtures, 18 it is admitted that the synergetic effect can be maximized by a more intimate contact between the components, which can normall...

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“…However, TiO2 nanoparticles require very expensive microfiltration processes for separating them from water after their use in water treatment. This problem can be solved by attaching nanoparticles onto a support material [1]. However, photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2 may decrease by immobilizing it on a support material due to the different reasons like properties of support material and production conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PREPARATION OF TiO2/PERLITE COMPOSITES BY USING 23-1 FRACTIONAL FACTORIAL DESIGN

Duranoğlu¹

2016

J. Turk. Chem. Soc., Sect. A: Chem.

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Successive impregnation and calcination processes were performed in order to produce TiO2/perlite composites. 2 3-1 fractional factorial design was first applied to optimize the production conditions of TiO2/perlite photocatalysts. Seven TiO2/perlite composites (including three central point experiments) were produced by manipulating three process parameters (amount of TiO2 used in impregnation process, particle size of perlite and calcination temperature). Prepared TiO2/perlite photocatalysts were characterized by XRay Diffraction Spectrometry and SEM. XRD patterns indicated that anatase was the main crystalline phase for all produced samples. Degradation capacities of produced TiO2/perlite composites were investigated in methylene blue degradation process. The linear models of TiO2 loading (%) and methylene blue degradation (%) of TiO2/perlite composites were developed by regression analysis of the experimental data. As a result of analysis of variance, it was found that developed models were statistically significant with the p-value of 0.0040 and 0.0003, for TiO2 loading (%) and methylene blue degradation (%), respectively. According to the coefficient of determination (0.9821 and 0.9970 for the models of TiO2 loading and methylene blue degradation, respectively) and error analysis, developed models fit well to the experimental data. Effect of process parameters was investigated by using response surface plots. Amount of TiO2 and particle size were found as the most effective parameters on both TiO2 loading (%) and degradation efficiency (%). Calcination temperature did not affect TiO2 loading but methylene blue degradation capacity.

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Immobilisation of titanium dioxide onto supporting materials in heterogeneous photocatalysis: A review

Cited by 580 publications

References 79 publications

Nanomaterials for the Abatement of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products from Wastewater

Nanomaterials for the Abatement of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products from Wastewater

Non-Synergistic UV-A Photocatalytic Degradation of Estrogens by Nano-TiO₂Supported on Activated Carbon

PREPARATION OF TiO2/PERLITE COMPOSITES BY USING 23-1 FRACTIONAL FACTORIAL DESIGN

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Immobilisation of titanium dioxide onto supporting materials in heterogeneous photocatalysis: A review

Cited by 580 publications

References 79 publications

Nanomaterials for the Abatement of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products from Wastewater

Nanomaterials for the Abatement of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products from Wastewater

Non-Synergistic UV-A Photocatalytic Degradation of Estrogens by Nano-TiO2Supported on Activated Carbon

PREPARATION OF TiO2/PERLITE COMPOSITES BY USING 23-1 FRACTIONAL FACTORIAL DESIGN

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Non-Synergistic UV-A Photocatalytic Degradation of Estrogens by Nano-TiO₂Supported on Activated Carbon