Immobilisation and Release of Radical Scavengers on Nanoclays for Chemical Reinforcement of Proton Exchange Membranes

Akrout, Alia; Delrue, Aude; Zatoń, Marta; Duquet, Fanny; Spanu, Francesco; Taillades-Jacquin, Mélanie; Cavaliere, Sara; Jones, Deborah J.; Rozière, Jacqués

doi:10.3390/membranes10090208

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…showed that Nafion membranes doped with 1 wt% CeO 2 exhibited a decrease in methanol permeability and an increase in conductivity and power density of a methanol fuel cell based on them [26]. However, in many cases, ceria introduction has the opposite effect (proton transport rate, conductivity of hybrid membrane and/or fuel cell performance decrease, at best, does not change) [19,25,[27][28][29][30]. This is most likely due to the large radius of cerium cations determining the basic nature of ceria surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nafion/Surface Modified Ceria Hybrid Membranes for Fuel Cell Application

et al. 2021

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Low chemical durability of proton exchange membranes is one the main factors limiting their lifetime in fuel cells. Ceria nanoparticles are the most common free radical scavengers. In this work, hybrid membranes based on Nafion-117 membrane and sulfonic or phosphoric acid functionalized ceria synthesized from various precursors were prepared by the in situ method for the first time. Ceria introduction led to a slight decrease in conductivity of hybrid membranes in contact with water. At the same time, conductivity of membranes containing sulfonic acid modified ceria exceeded that of the pristine Nafion-117 membrane at 30% relative humidity (RH). Hydrogen permeability decreased for composite membranes with ceria synthesized from cerium (III) nitrate, which correlates with their water uptake. In hydrogen-air fuel cells, membrane electrode assembly fabricated with the hybrid membrane containing ceria synthesized from cerium (IV) sulfate exhibited a peak power density of 433 mW/cm2 at a current density of 1080 mA/cm2, while operating at 60 °C and 70% RH. It was 1.5 times higher than for the pristine Nafion-117 membrane (287 mW/cm2 at a current density of 714 mA/cm2).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nafion/Surface Modified Ceria Hybrid Membranes for Fuel Cell Application

et al. 2021

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“…This meant that there were no serious defects or voids in the reinforced membranes, which could lead to a rapid reduction in their cell performance during PEMFC operation. Unlike reinforced membranes employing ion-type radical scavengers (e.g., Ce(NO 3 ) 3 [ 53 , 54 , 55 ] and Ce(CH 3 CO 2 ) 3 [ 56 ]), critical potential drops in the ohmic polarization region were not observed in either H–CeO x _A PFM or H–CeO x _B PFM. Their electrochemical performance was rather enhanced when compared to radical scavenger-free PFM.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Dispersed CeOx Hybrid Nanoparticles for Perfluorinated Sulfonic Acid Ionomer–Poly(tetrafluoethylene) Reinforced Membranes with Improved Service Life

et al. 2021

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CeOx hybrid nanoparticles were synthesized and evaluated for use as radical scavengers, in place of commercially available Ce(NO3)3 and CeO2 nanoparticles, to avoid deterioration of the initial electrochemical performance and/or spontaneous aggregation/precipitation issues encountered in polymer electrolyte membranes. When CeOx hybrid nanoparticles were used for membrane formation, the resulting membranes exhibited improved proton conductivity (improvement level = 2–15% at 30–90 °C), and thereby electrochemical single cell performance, because the –OH groups on the hybrid nanoparticles acted as proton conductors. In spite of a small amount (i.e., 1.7 mg/cm3) of introduction, their antioxidant effect was sufficient enough to alleviate the radical-induced decomposition of perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomer under a Fenton test condition and to extend the chemical durability of the resulting reinforced membranes under fuel cell operating conditions.

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“…In addition to porous reinforcers, many nano-fillers are also used for mechanical reinforcement of PEM, such as carbon nanotubes [ 45 ], nanofibers [ 46 ], inorganic particles [ 47 , 48 , 49 ], clay [ 50 ] and others. The main factors affecting the preparation and processing properties of the reinforced membranes are the amount of fillers, the natural properties and the physico-chemical interaction between the fillers and Nafion matrix [ 51 ].…”

Section: Mitigation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kim et al [ 71 ] reported a novel two-component mesoporous cerium oxide-silicon oxide composite membrane, which was proved to have higher chemical stability through Fenton experiment and H 2 O 2 exposure experiment. Alia et al [ 50 ] used halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) as nano-containers to encapsulate and release CeO 2 nanoparticles. Compared with the unmodified membrane, the modified membrane containing 4 wt.…”

Section: Mitigation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress of Proton Exchange Membrane Failure and Mitigation Strategies

Xing

Avgouropoulos

2021

Materials

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Proton exchange membrane (PEM) is critical for the efficient, reliable and safe operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). The lifetime of PEM is the main factor restricting the commercialization of PEMFC. The complexity of operating conditions, such as open-circuit/idling, dynamic load and startup-shutdown under automotive conditions, on PEMFC will cause the mechanical and chemical degradation of PEM and affect the service life of PEMFC. In order to understand the degradation behavior and durability of PEM, this paper presents an overview of the degradation failure mechanism and mitigation strategies of PEM. The mechanical and chemical degradation behavior of PEM and its causes, as well as the mitigation strategies are discussed in order to give a direction for PEM design and fuel cell system control strategy. It is proposed as a primary principle in order to further develop and promote the durability of PEM, to focus on the material improvement and system engineering.

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Immobilisation and Release of Radical Scavengers on Nanoclays for Chemical Reinforcement of Proton Exchange Membranes

Cited by 13 publications

References 72 publications

Nafion/Surface Modified Ceria Hybrid Membranes for Fuel Cell Application

Nafion/Surface Modified Ceria Hybrid Membranes for Fuel Cell Application

Highly Dispersed CeOx Hybrid Nanoparticles for Perfluorinated Sulfonic Acid Ionomer–Poly(tetrafluoethylene) Reinforced Membranes with Improved Service Life

Research Progress of Proton Exchange Membrane Failure and Mitigation Strategies

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