Immobilisation and application of lipases in organic media

Abstract

Different methods of preparing lipases for use in organic media are critically reviewed. Solid lipase preparations can be made by typical immobilisation methods such as adsorption, entrapment, covalent coupling or cross-linking. Immobilisation is especially attractive for lipases because, in addition to the normal benefits of enzyme immobilisation, it can also lead to a considerable increase in catalytic activity, probably caused by conformational changes in the lipase molecules. Activation can be achieved, for example, using hydrophobic support materials or surfactants during the immobilisation procedure. Surfactants can also be used to solubilise lipases in organic media via the formation of hydrophobic ion pairs, surfactant-coated lipase or reversed micelles. Lipase preparation methods are discussed with regard to potential lipase inactivation and activation effects, mass transfer limitations, lipase stability and other features important for applications. The practical applications of lipases in organic media reviewed include ester synthesis, modification of triacylglycerols and phospholipids, fatty acid enrichment, enantiomer resolution, biodiesel production and acylation of carbohydrates and bioactive compounds.

Enzyme immobilization by adsorption: a review

“…Enzymes most commonly studied in the immobilized form are lipases (Sakai et al 2010;Adlercreutz 2013;Ansorge-Schumacher and Thum 2013). Lipases catalyse the hydrolysis of esters formed by short-and long-chain alcohols, mono-and multi-hydroxides, and saturated and unsaturated carboxylic acids of short and long chains.…”

Immobilization of Amano Lipase A onto Stöber silica surface: process characterization and kinetic studies

“…Low thermal stability, narrow pH range and a fast decrease in the catalytic activity are the main factors that limit the industrial use of lipases [3,4]. Lipase immobilization has been proposed to improve its stability and activity [5,6]. Among many methods proposed for protein immobilization, the most important and useful is immobilization by adsorption [7][8][9].…”

Green and selective polycondensation methods toward linear sorbitol‐based polyesters: enzymatic versus organic and metal‐based catalysis

“…The immobilization procedure can cause inactivation of the enzyme, leading to a decrease of the final activity. 24 In our comparative study, two different sets of reactions have been carried out. In the first set, reactions were performed at the same temperature, aiming at comparing the catalysts performance under the same reaction conditions.…”