Immigration in American Economic History

Abramitzky, Ran; Boustan, Leah Platt

doi:10.1257/jel.20151189

Cited by 242 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 224 publications

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“…The United States, Argentina and Canada were among the main destinations. Immigrants significantly contributed to the labour force in the receiving countries and affected political and economic life there (Hatton and Williamson, 1992;Abramitzky et al, 2014;Abramitzky and Boustan, 2017). The arrival of more than five million Europeans to Argentina during the Age of Mass Migration (1850-914) dramatically changed the composition of the local population.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In this contained setting, human capital can be identified and its positive long run effects estimated. This article is also related to a broader literature examining the deep determinants of economic development (Nunn, 2009;Spolaore and Wacziarg, 2013) as well as recent work analysing the effect of migration on the receiving economy (Abramitzky et al, 2012(Abramitzky et al, 2014Abramitzky and Boustan, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Migration, Population Composition and Long Run Economic Development: Evidence from Settlements in the Pampas

Droller

2017

The Economic Journal

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This article analyses the impact of population composition on long run economic development, by studying European migration to Argentina during the Age of Mass Migration (1850–1914). I use an instrumental variables (IV) approach that assigns immigrants to counties by interacting two sources of variation: the availability of land for settlement and the arrival of Europeans over time. Counties with historically higher shares of European population in 1914 have higher per capita GDP 80 years later. I show that this long run effect is linked to the higher level of human capital that immigrants brought to Argentina. I show that Europeans raised literacy rates in the receiving counties, and that high‐skilled Europeans played an important role in the onset of industrialisation, owned most of the industrial establishments, and provided the majority of the industrial labour force.

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Migration, Population Composition and Long Run Economic Development: Evidence from Settlements in the Pampas

Droller

2017

The Economic Journal

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“…Opposition to immigration was widespread during the Age of Mass Migration, with a heated aversion towards individuals coming from non Anglo-Saxon and non Englishspeaking countries (Abramitzky and Boustan, 2017;Leonard, 2016). Since immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe were linguistically and culturally far from natives (Hatton and Williamson, 2006), it is possible that natives reacted to immigration by marrying more and having more kids, in order to preserve their own race and culture (see Section 2.2).…”

Section: Preservation Of "Natives"mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the beginning of the twentieth century, 14 percent of the US population was foreign born, due to the migration of more than 30 million Europeans since 1850 ( Figure 1). After 1915, however, World War I and the Immigration Acts (1921and 1924 put an end to the Age of Mass Migration and drastically reduced immigration to the US (Abramitzky and Boustan, 2017;Ager and Hansen, 2017). The key feature of these shocks is that they had heterogeneous effects across European countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

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Happily Ever After: Immigration, Natives’ Marriage, and Fertility

Carlana¹,

Tabellini²

2018

SSRN Journal

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In this paper, we study the effects of immigration on natives' marriage, fertility, and family formation across US cities between 1910 and 1930. Instrumenting immigrants' location decision by interacting pre-existing ethnic settlements with aggregate migration flows, we find that immigration raised marriage rates, the probability of having children, and the propensity to leave the parental house for young native men and women. We show that these effects were driven by the large and positive impact of immigration on native men's employment and occupational standing, which increased the supply of "marriageable men". We also explore alternative mechanisms-changes in sex ratios, natives' cultural responses, and displacement effects of immigrants on female employment-and provide evidence that none of them can account for a quantitatively relevant fraction of our results.

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Reliability and risk in new ventures: Founding team's native immigrant composition and performance variability

Sinha

Osiyevskyy

2022

Thunderbird Intl Bus Rev

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The study examines the performance and the risks of new ventures founded by hybrid teams consisting of immigrants and natives. Earlier investigations have taken a dichotomous view of immigrants in the founding team without paying sufficient attention to their relative numbers. We argue that the numeric strength of immigrants in the founding team affects firms' average performance. Furthermore, as entrepreneurial endeavors are risky, we examine the native/immigration effect on the new venture performance variability. Using new venture data from the Kauffman Firm Survey, we find that the ratio of natives in the founding team is associated with lower mean performance and higher risk in the short and medium term. This means a higher relative number of immigrants in the founding team is associated with higher average performance and lower risk. We further find that the average team age is negatively associated with the short‐ and medium‐term mean performance while positively affecting the short‐term performance variability. A higher male–female ratio is positively associated with performance but not with variability.

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Immigration in American Economic History

Cited by 242 publications

References 224 publications

Migration, Population Composition and Long Run Economic Development: Evidence from Settlements in the Pampas

Migration, Population Composition and Long Run Economic Development: Evidence from Settlements in the Pampas

Happily Ever After: Immigration, Natives’ Marriage, and Fertility

Reliability and risk in new ventures: Founding team's native immigrant composition and performance variability

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