Immigration and psychotic experiences in the United States: Another example of the epidemiological paradox?

Oh, Hans; Abe, Jennifer; Negi, Nalini Junko; DeVylder, Jordan

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.08.002

Cited by 26 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…There are some who may find psychotic experiences distressing, but much depends on the type of experience (e.g., bizarre experiences, persecutory ideas; Yung et al, 2006) and one’s ability to regulate emotions (Osborne et al, 2016). It is worth stressing that many individuals who report psychotic experiences likely find them to be fleeting (Oh et al, 2015). While prior work has shown elevated rates of service utilization among people with psychotic experiences (DeVylder et al, 2014; Murphy et al, 2010), it has been unclear whether this is due to functional impairment associated with psychotic experience, and whether this impairment extends above and beyond the disability associated with co-occurring psychiatric and health conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extant research suggests psychotic experiences are useful indicators of general health. In addition to being associated with an increased risk for psychotic disorder (Dominguez et al, 2011), psychotic experiences are associated with increased risk for a wide variety of adverse health outcomes such as (non-psychotic) mental disorders (DeVylder et al, 2014; Kelleher et al, 2012; McGrath et al, 2016; Wigman et al, 2012) and physical disorders (Moreno et al, 2013; Oh & DeVylder, 2015), as well as suicidal behavior (DeVylder et al, 2015; Kelleher et al, 2013), and perceived need for help and treatment-seeking behaviors (DeVylder et al, 2014; Murphy et al, 2010; Oh et al, 2015). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychotic experiences and disability: Findings from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys

Koyanagi

Kelleher

et al. 2018

Schizophrenia Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychotic experiences and disability: Findings from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys

Koyanagi

Kelleher

et al. 2018

Schizophrenia Research

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“…Five studies analysed PLE and migrant status, [20][21][22]43,44 and study quality scores ranged from 17 to 20 (mean 18.8, s.d. 1…”

Section: Ple By Migrant Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical psychosis in adult migrants and ethnic minorities: systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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BackgroundIt is well established that migration and ethnic minority status are risk factors for psychotic disorders. Recent studies have aimed to determine if they are also associated with subclinical psychosis (psychotic-like experiences and schizotypal traits).AimsWe aimed to determine to what extent migrant and ethnic minority groups are associated with higher risk of subclinical psychosis.MethodWe conducted a systematic review, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, and examined findings by ethnicity, migrant status, outcomes of subclinical psychosis and host country. A meta-analysis was carried out with robust variance estimation where possible, to handle statistically dependent effect size estimates.ResultsWe included 28 studies (19 studies on psychotic-like experiences and 9 studies on schizotypal traits) and found that ethnicity, but not migrant status, was associated with current and lifetime psychotic-like experiences. In the narrative analysis, we observed the effect of psychosocial risk factors on this association: Black ethnicity groups showed consistent increased prevalence of current and lifetime psychotic-like experiences compared with the reference population across countries.ConclusionsMore generalisable and standardised cohort studies of psychotic-like experiences and schizotypal traits in relation to migration/ethnicity are necessary to examine the effects of exposures and outcomes in different contexts, and to understand the underlying mechanisms of the association between subclinical psychosis and migrant and ethnic minority status.Declaration of interestNone.

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“…We lacked information on nativity that would allow for differentiation between racial-ethnic minority status and immigration status (Breslau and Chang, 2006). For example, some studies have suggested that first generation Latino immigrants to the U.S. may be at lower risk for psychotic experiences compared to later generations (Oh et al, 2015; Vega et al, 2006). Finally, although we had access to information on maternal education level, we were unable to assess other candidate explanations for the observed disparities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial-ethnic disparities in empirically-derived subtypes of subclinical psychosis among a U.S. sample of youths

Paksarian

Merikangas

Calkins

et al. 2016

Schizophrenia Research

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Introduction Racial-ethnic minority status is a consistent risk factor for schizophrenia, with associations extending to bipolar disorder and subthreshold psychotic experiences. However, few epidemiologic studies have been conducted in the U.S., and evidence is inconsistent. Furthermore, no U.S. studies of youths have directly investigated the phenomenological overlap between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We aimed to do so at the subthreshold level in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. Methods Participants included 6533 individuals, age 11–21 years, from a community healthcare network. Latent class analysis was used to form subtypes of sub-psychosis based on 12 attenuated positive items and 7 mania items without duration criteria. Associations between race-ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, “other”) and sub-psychosis subtype were estimated using latent class regression. Results Four classes were identified: Sub-positive Only (13.4%), Mania Only (15.5%), Both (9.1%), and Neither (62.0%). Minority participants were generally more likely than non-Hispanic whites to belong to one of the three sub-psychosis classes compared to the Neither class. Associations for Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks remained after adjustment for age, sex, and maternal education, and restriction to participants without significant physical health conditions. Racial-ethnic disparities were greater in magnitude for the two classes characterized by sub-positive symptoms, Sub-positive Only and Both, than for the Mania Only class. This pattern was statistically significant among non-Hispanic blacks. Conclusions We found evidence for racial-ethnic disparities in empirically-derived subtypes of subthreshold psychosis, broadly defined, among U.S. youths. Further research is needed to determine whether these disparities persist to the clinical disorder level in adulthood.

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Immigration and psychotic experiences in the United States: Another example of the epidemiological paradox?

Cited by 26 publications

References 73 publications

Psychotic experiences and disability: Findings from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys

Psychotic experiences and disability: Findings from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys

Subclinical psychosis in adult migrants and ethnic minorities: systematic review and meta-analysis

Racial-ethnic disparities in empirically-derived subtypes of subclinical psychosis among a U.S. sample of youths

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