Immersion Therapy with Head-Mounted Display for Rehabilitation of the Upper Limb after Stroke—Review

Marek, Klaudia; Zubrycki, Igor; Miller, Elżbieta

doi:10.3390/s22249962

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The high score in the Game Mechanics categories suggests that the participants found the exergame experience enjoyable, and perceived the graphics, sound, and overall technology to be of exceptionally high quality. Furthermore, the motion sickness index demonstrated that the exergame could be used without causing any adverse side effects [37] [47]. The satisfaction questionnaire revealed that participants were willing to embrace innovative approaches and viewed VR therapy as both useful and satisfying.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of custom-made VR exergame for at-home Stroke rehabilitation. A longitudinal single-arm study.

Castillo,

Vega,

Cardona

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Exercise games (Exergames) based on Virtual Reality (VR) have emerged as a promising option for supporting physical rehabilitation in stroke users. As a com- plementary therapy, they offer valuable benefits such as therapy engagement and enjoyment. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of an immersive, custom- made VR exergame designed for upper limb rehabilitation in stroke participants aged 50 and above. We conducted 14 sessions of 15 minutes involving ten par- ticipants (6 females, ages 58.1 ± 7.5 years old) who volunteered to participate in an assisted at-home rehabilitation process. The study employed a range of evaluation tests to measure physical rehabilitation and game user experience out- comes. The tests included pre- and post-assessments of range of motion (ROM), the Ashworth spasticity test, and the Borg rating of perceived fatigue question- naire. To evaluate the game participant experience, we used the VR Neuroscience Questionnaire (VRNQ), and the Immersive Tendencies Questionnaire (ITQ). Our results revealed significant improvements in the range of motion for elbow and shoulder flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction. Furthermore, we observed a reduction in Ashworth spasticity, and the fatigue scale showed reduced per- ception comparing the last with the first session, although the difference was insignificant. The VRNQ questionnaire indicated significant enhancements in the domains related to ”Game Experience” and ”Game Mechanics” and an overall reduction of the perceived “Motion Sickness”. In the ITQ questionnaire, partic- ipants reported high levels of ”Attention,” and while there were no significant differences in ”Immersion” and ”Enjoyment,” a considerable improvement was observed in ”Excitement”. In summary, our results indicate that the immersive VR exergame improved the range of motion, spasticity, and overall game user experience among participants with stroke in a longitudinal, single-arm inter- vention. We conclude that using custom-made VR exergames is an effective and motivating tool for upper limb rehabilitation, with positive changes in both clin- ical and perception outcomes, and the positive and measurable effects persist after the first sessions. These findings support using VR exergames as a comple- mentary tool for at-home rehabilitation therapy with good ease of use, improved physical rehabilitation outcomes, and high treatment adherence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of custom-made VR exergame for at-home Stroke rehabilitation. A longitudinal single-arm study.

Castillo,

Vega,

Cardona

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…On the other hand, when using a VR headset, the user wears a special head-mounted display that fills the user's entire field of vision and gives them a very immersive 3D experience [44]. The user may also use specialized input devices, such as handheld controllers, to interact with the virtual environment.…”

Section: -2-vr Desktops and Vr Headsetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desktop vs. Headset: A Comparative Study of User Experience and Engagement for Flexibility Exercise in Virtual Reality

Thamrongrat,

Khundam,

Pakdeebun

et al. 2023

Emerg Sci J

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This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Virtual Reality (VR) technology for flexibility exercise and compare the physical outcomes, user experience, and engagement of VR desktops and VR headsets. The VR exercise application was designed using motion capture technology and exported to different VR devices. Each of the devices was used by 30 participants to perform a flexibility exercise in VR. Physical outcomes were measured using the sit-and-reach test, and user experience and engagement were evaluated using questionnaires and group discussions. The results showed that VR desktop participants had higher sit-and-reach scores. However, VR headset participants reported a more immersive experience (reality judgment) and motivation (value and usefulness). They also had higher engagement (focused attention and reward) levels than VR desktop participants. There were no significant differences between the two approaches in terms of enjoyment, effort, pressure, choice, correspondence, absorption, perceived usability, and aesthetic appeal. The study highlights the importance of considering physical outcomes, user experience, and engagement by comparing two different VR approaches for flexibility exercise. Further research is needed to explore the limitations and potential benefits of VR technology for physical activity. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-04-03 Full Text: PDF

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“…Given the characteristics of modern HMDs, there are presently several ongoing studies to use them in the rehabilitation of neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis [ 31 ] and stroke [ 32 ]. However, while the clinical outcomes of immersive VR-based rehabilitation interventions have been thoroughly investigated [ 32 , 33 , 34 ], their potential use as kinematic measurement devices has receive significant less attention. In particular, very few studies have analyzed the kinematic accuracy of HMDs compared to marker-based systems [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ] and no study has investigated HMDs’ hand-tacking precision in post-stroke subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Comparison of Hand Kinematics Measured with a Markerless Commercial Head-Mounted Display and a Marker-Based Motion Capture System in Stroke Survivors

Casile,

Fregna,

Boarini

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Upper-limb paresis is common after stroke. An important tool to assess motor recovery is to use marker-based motion capture systems to measure the kinematic characteristics of patients’ movements in ecological scenarios. These systems are, however, very expensive and not readily available for many rehabilitation units. Here, we explored whether the markerless hand motion capabilities of the cost-effective Oculus Quest head-mounted display could be used to provide clinically meaningful measures. A total of 14 stroke patients executed ecologically relevant upper-limb tasks in an immersive virtual environment. During task execution, we recorded their hand movements simultaneously by means of the Oculus Quest’s and a marker-based motion capture system. Our results showed that the markerless estimates of the hand position and peak velocity provided by the Oculus Quest were in very close agreement with those provided by a marker-based commercial system with their regression line having a slope close to 1 (maximum distance: mean slope = 0.94 ± 0.1; peak velocity: mean slope = 1.06 ± 0.12). Furthermore, the Oculus Quest had virtually the same sensitivity as that of a commercial system in distinguishing healthy from pathological kinematic measures. The Oculus Quest was as accurate as a commercial marker-based system in measuring clinically meaningful upper-limb kinematic parameters in stroke patients.

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Immersion Therapy with Head-Mounted Display for Rehabilitation of the Upper Limb after Stroke—Review

Cited by 9 publications

References 72 publications

Evaluation of custom-made VR exergame for at-home Stroke rehabilitation. A longitudinal single-arm study.

Evaluation of custom-made VR exergame for at-home Stroke rehabilitation. A longitudinal single-arm study.

Desktop vs. Headset: A Comparative Study of User Experience and Engagement for Flexibility Exercise in Virtual Reality

Quantitative Comparison of Hand Kinematics Measured with a Markerless Commercial Head-Mounted Display and a Marker-Based Motion Capture System in Stroke Survivors

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